Detection of Multiple Drones in a Time-Varying Scenario Using Acoustic Signals

• Published in: Sustainability 2022-04, Vol.14 (7), p.4041
• Main Authors: Uddin, Zahoor, Qamar, Aamir, Alharbi, Abdullah G., Orakzai, Farooq Alam, Ahmad, Ayaz
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acoustics; Algorithms; Data processing; Datasets; Independent component analysis; Radio frequency; Signal processing; Sound; Support vector machines; Sustainability; Variation
• ISSN: 2071-1050; 2071-1050
• DOI: 10.3390/su14074041

Detection of unauthorized drones is mandatory for defense organizations and also for human life protection. Currently, detection methods based on thermal, video, radio frequency (RF) and acoustic signals exist. In previous research, we presented an acoustic signals-based multiple drones detection technique utilizing independent component analysis (ICA) in the presence of interfering sources. In this paper, a method is proposed in which the mixed signals are first separated taking the ICA technique into account. After extracting the features, the support vector machines (SVM) and the k-nearest neighbors (KNN) are used to identify multiple drones in the field. This technique can detect multiple drones in static and quasi-static mixing scenarios, while failing in time-varying scenarios. In this paper, a time-varying drone detection technique (TVDDT) is proposed that first stores a data set of the mixed signals in a time-varying scenario, where time variations occur within the processing data blocks. After estimating the mixing matrices, we developed a technique to track variations in the channel. This technique is based on variations in the mixing coefficients. The proposed channel tracking technique performs classification and detection based on minimum variation criteria in the channel. The proposed TVDDT technique is evaluated through simulations and its superior performance is observed.