Raman Spectroscopy and Machine Learning-based Optical Sensor for Rapid Tuberculosis Diagnosis via Sputum

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease that causes 1.5 million deaths per year globally. Early diagnosis of TB patients is critical to control its spread. However, standard TB diagnostic tests such as sputum culture take days to weeks to produce results. Here, we demonstrate a quick, portable, ea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:arXiv.org 2022-08
Main Authors: Ullah, Ubaid, Zarfishan Tahir, Qazi, Obaidullah, Shaper Mirza, Cheema, M Imran
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Data acquisition
Diagnosis
Diagnostic systems
Machine learning
Optical measuring instruments
Principal components analysis
Raman spectroscopy
Sensitivity enhancement
Sensors
Spectrum analysis
Tuberculosis
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease that causes 1.5 million deaths per year globally. Early diagnosis of TB patients is critical to control its spread. However, standard TB diagnostic tests such as sputum culture take days to weeks to produce results. Here, we demonstrate a quick, portable, easy-to-use, and non-invasive optical sensor based on sputum samples for TB detection. The probe uses Raman spectroscopy to detect TB in a patient's sputum supernatant. We deploy a machine-learning algorithm, principal component analysis (PCA), on the acquired Raman data to enhance the detection sensitivity and specificity. On testing 112 potential TB patients, our results show that the developed probe's accuracy is 100% for true-positive and 93.4% for true-negative. Moreover, the probe correctly identifies patients on TB medication. We anticipate that our work will lead to a viable and rapid TB diagnostic platform.
ISSN:2331-8422