Effect of inclination angle on bioconvection in porous square cavity containing gyrotactic microorganisms and nanofluid

• Published in: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part C, Journal of mechanical engineering science Journal of mechanical engineering science, 2022-05, Vol.236 (9), p.4731-4747
• Main Authors: Balla, Chandra Shekar, Bodduna, Jamuna, Kumari, SVHN Krishna, Rashad, Ahmed M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Boussinesq equations; Brownian motion; Darcys law; Finite element method; Fluid dynamics; Fluid flow; Inclination angle; Microorganisms; Nanofluids; Peclet number; Porous media; Rayleigh number
• ISSN: 0954-4062; 2041-2983
• DOI: 10.1177/09544062211055619

The current article investigates the effect of inclination angle on thermo-bioconvection within the porous-square shaped cavity filled with gyrotactic type microorganisms and nanofluid. The Darcy law with Boussinesq estimation is used for the momentum equation in porous media. The transformed governing equations are solved by Galerkin’s method of finite elements. The effect of inclination angle in the square cavity is interpreted by varying the angle from δ = 0 0 to δ = 180 0 . The effect of inclination on different quantities, for instance, Rayleigh number, bioconvective Rayleigh number, Peclet number, Brownian motion, heat source/sink, and ratio of buoyancy, is discussed. Further, the mean quantities of Nusselt number ( N u X ) , Sherwood number ( S h X ) , and density number ( N n X ) are analyzed at vertical walls. A quantitative outcome of the study is that the maximum values of N u X , S h X , and N n X are found for the angle δ = ( 30 0 −   60 0 ) and δ = ( 120 0 −   150 0 ) .