Determination of phospholipids in vegetable oil by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

• Published in: Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1998-10, Vol.75 (10), p.1281-1289
• Main Authors: Nzai, J.M. (University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR.), Proctor, A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Absorption spectra; ACEITE DE SOJA; ANALISIS CUANTITATIVO; ANALYSE QUANTITATIVE; ANALYTICAL METHODS; Biological and medical sciences; Calibration; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; COMPOSICION QUIMICA; COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE; Crude soybean oil (CSBO); Degumming; Densitometers; Densitometry; Fat industries; Food industries; FOSFOLIPIDOS; Fourier transform infrared (FTIR); Fourier transforms; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Hexanes; HUILE DE SOJA; Infrared spectroscopy; Lecithin; PHOSPHATIDE; Phosphatidylcholine; phosphatidylcholine (PC); Phosphatidylethanolamine; phosphatidylethanolamine (PE); Phosphatidylinositol; phosphatidylinositol (PI); PHOSPHOLIPIDS; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RAPID METHODS; Silicic acid; SOYBEAN OIL; Soybeans; Spectrum analysis; TECHNIQUE ANALYTIQUE; TECNICAS ANALITICAS; Thin layer chromatography; Vegetable oils; Vegetables; Water purification
• ISSN: 0003-021X; 1558-9331
• DOI: 10.1007/s11746-998-0173-x

A method was developed to determine the total phospholipid content in vegetable oil by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Calibration curves of I‐α‐phosphatidylcholine (PC), I‐α‐phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and I‐α‐phosphatidylinositol (PI) in hexane were generated at different concentrations. The optimal phospholipid absorption bands between 1200–970 cm−1 were identified and used for quantitative determination. High R2≥0.968 were observed between band areas and phospholipid standard concentrations. Phospholipids from crude soybean oil were obtained by water degumming, and purification was performed on a silicic acid column. The phospholipid contents of purified phospholipid extract, degummed and crude soybean oil determined from calibration equations were >90, 0.0113, and 1.77%, respectively. High correlations of determination (R2≥0.933) were observed between the FTIR method and thin‐layer chromatography‐imaging densitometry method for the determination of phospholipid content. FTIR was found to be a useful analytical tool for simple and rapid quantitative determination of phospholipids in vegetable oil.