Decarbonizing the power and industry sectors in India by carbon capture and storage

• Published in: Energy (Oxford) 2022-06, Vol.249, p.123751, Article 123751
• Main Authors: Zhang, Kai, Lau, Hon Chung, Bokka, Harsha Kumar, Hadia, Nanji J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aquifers; Capture capture and storage; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide emissions; Carbon dioxide sequestration; Carbon sequestration; CO2-EGR; CO2-EOR; Decarbonization; Emission analysis; Enhanced oil recovery; India; Industrial plant emissions; Industrial plants; Oil; Oil and gas fields; Oil fields; Oil recovery; Power plants; Sedimentary basins; Storage capacity
• ISSN: 0360-5442; 1873-6785
• DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.123751

In this paper, we evaluate opportunities to mitigate CO2 emission from the power and industry sectors of India by carbon capture and storage. Results show that the total CO2 emission from 630 power and industrial plants is 1.7 Gtpa. Of this, 0.9 Gtpa comes from power plants and 0.8 Gtpa from industry plants. There is 416.2 Gt of CO2 storage capacity (mid case scenario) in India, enough to store 237 years of emission. Of this, 412.7 Gt (99%) comes from saline aquifers in 22 sedimentary basins, 1.9 Gt (0.44%) from six major gas fields, and 1.7 Gt (0.41%) from 37 major oil fields. The total mid CO2-enhanced oil recovery potential in India is 500 × 106 m3 with the biggest potential found in the following oil fields: Mumbai High (231 × 106 m3), Gandhar (13 × 106 m3), Mangala (17 × 106 m3) and Nahorkatiya (24 × 106 m3) in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Assam, respectively. Results of a CO2 source-sink mapping exercise show that in most cases, CO2 source-sink distance is less than 500 km, and many cases less than 100 km. •India's CO2 emission is 1.7 Gtpa from the power and industry sectors.•There is 416.2 Gt of subsurface CO2 storage capacity in India.•There is a total of CO2-enhanced oil recovery potential of 5.01 × 108 m3.•A CO2-EOR pilot is recommended for the offshore Mumbai High oil field.•Most CO2 sources can be stored in sinks within a 500 km distance.