Assessing Milankovitch forcing in disconformity‐prone cyclic shallow‐water carbonates, Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian), Adriatic Platform, Croatia

• Published in: Sedimentology 2022-06, Vol.69 (4), p.1789-1815
• Main Authors: Husinec, Antun, Read, J. Fred, Hu, Xiumian
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accumulation; Aquifers; Aquifer‐eustasy; assessing missing time; Biostratigraphy; Boundaries; Carbonates; Eustatic changes; Jurassic; Platforms (geology); sequence stratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy; Sequences; Sequencing; Spectral analysis; Spectrum analysis; Statistics; Stratigraphy; test of astronomical forcing; Thickness; Time series; Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)
• ISSN: 0037-0746; 1365-3091
• DOI: 10.1111/sed.12973

Most Upper Jurassic studies of astronomical forcing have focused on deeper‐water sections which are relatively continuous. An Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) section on the greenhouse Adriatic Carbonate Platform, Croatia, was studied to determine if astronomical forcing can be recognized in a 5.8 ± 0.1 Myr duration, disconformity‐prone shallow platform succession. The succession consists of metre‐scale subtidal parasequences intermixed with peritidal parasequences, and intermittent subaerial breccias at sequence boundaries. Ages were constrained by biostratigraphy and δ13C chemostratigraphy, and most sequence boundaries appear to match those of the coastal onlap curve of Haq (2018). Logged sections were converted into depth–rank time series and parasequence–thickness time series. Accumulation rates were statistically evaluated for the rank series against an astronomical‐forcing model, and compared with long‐term accumulation rates (thickness divided by time). The statistical rates were used to select the ca 100 kyr eccentricity cycle to tune the series. Spectral analysis showed peaks at ca 400 kyr (superbundles) and ca 100 kyr (bundles), along with obliquity (38 kyr and 27 kyr) and precessional (18−22 kyr) cycles (parasequences). The Kimmeridgian sequences are ca 400 kyr, ca 800 kyr and ca 1.1 Myr duration. Sequence scale (0.4 to 1.2 Myr) stratigraphic completeness based on statistical accumulation rates versus long‐term rates is ca 60%. This study estimates ca 1 Myr missing time in parasequences stacked into superbundles and 1.6 Myr in four major sequence boundaries. Given that the Kimmeridgian was the hottest time of the Middle and Late Jurassic, aquifer eustasy may have influenced the timing of sequence boundaries, although documented late Kimmeridgian cooling could have triggered a glacio‐eustatic component.