Association of gene polymorphisms of ACE, AGT, and ARNT-like protein 1 with susceptibility to gestational diabetes

• Published in: Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics 2022-03, Vol.23 (1), p.59-10
• Main Authors: Ashour, Esmat, Gouda, Weaam, Mageed, Lamiaa, Okasha, Ahmed, Afify, Mie, Fawzi, Olfat M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ACE protein; AGT gene; Angiotensin; Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE); Angiotensinogen; Angiotensinogen (AGT (M235T); ARNT-like protein- 1 (BMAL1) genes; BMAL1 protein; Dextrose; Diabetes in pregnancy; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes therapy; Disease susceptibility; Enzymes; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Gene frequency; Gene polymorphism; Genes; Genetic aspects; Genetic polymorphisms; Genetic research; Genotyping; Gestational diabetes; Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); Glucose; Glucose tolerance; Haplotypes; Intolerance; Leukocytes; Peptidyl-dipeptidase A; Peripheral blood; Polymerase chain reaction; Polymorphism; Pregnant women; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 1110-8630; 2090-2441
• DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00273-1

Background and aims Gestational diabetes mellitus is well-defined as glucose intolerance first documented during pregnancy. In this study, we examined the possible associations between I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene, the M235T variant of angiotensinogen gene, and the rs7950226 polymorphism of the ARNT-like protein-1 (BMAL1) gene and the risk for diabetes in Egyptian pregnant women. Subjects and methods This study recruited 160 gestational diabetes cases and 165 controls. Genomic DNA was derived from peripheral blood leukocytes and ACE gene (I/D) genotyping was performed using the method of polymerase chain reaction and the polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for identifying the M235T variant of AGT gene and the rs7950226 polymorphism of the BMAL1. Results The II, ID, and DD genotypes of the ACE gene have significant differences in cases compared to controls (P = 0.000 and X.sup.2 = 81.77). The M235T polymorphism of the AGT gene was increased with gestational diabetes risk. Furthermore, the AA genotype of the BMAL1 rs7950226 gene was significantly related to the gestational diabetes risk (P = 0.000 and X.sup.2 = 52.82). Furthermore, the allele frequencies of the three variants have significant variances between cases and control. Conclusion This study suggested significant associations between ACE (DD), AGT (TT), and BMAL1 rs7950226 (AA) gene polymorphisms with gestational diabetes susceptibility and there was a possibility to identify that II + MM + GG as protective haplotypes and DD + TT + AA as risk haplotypes for gestational diabetes.