Heavy metals’ release characteristic of sewage sludge in alkaline treatment prior to anaerobic digestion

• Published in: Water, air, and soil pollution air, and soil pollution, 2022-06, Vol.233 (6), Article 212
• Main Authors: Hu, Jianlong, Wu, Guanglong, Zheng, Xi, Li, Simeng, Zhao, Jixu, Liang, Cunzhen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anaerobic digestion; Anaerobic treatment; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Biosolids; Chemical extraction; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts; Copper; Digestion; Disintegration; Earth and Environmental Science; Efficiency; Environment; Environmental monitoring; Environmental risk; Heavy metals; Hydrogeology; Land application; Leaching; Metals; Methane; Microorganisms; Minerals; Pollution; Pretreatment; Release mechanisms; Sewage; Sewage sludge; Sludge; Sludge digestion; Sodium chloride; Sodium hydroxide; Soil Science & Conservation; Solubilization; Water Quality/Water Pollution; Zinc
• ISSN: 0049-6979; 1573-2932
• DOI: 10.1007/s11270-022-05589-7

Alkaline pretreatment (APT) is the promising disintegration pretreatment for the anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge (SS) to improve digestion efficiency and methane yields. In this study, the heavy metals (HMs) were observed to be leached from SS in the APT process, which could lower the HMs secondary pollution risk of the residual biosolids after AD in land application. The sequential chemical extraction (SCE) experiment was performed to determine the variation in HMs’ distribution prior to and after the APT. The alkaline extracts were characterized in order to elucidate the HMs’ release mechanism. The APT could cause significant release of Zn and Cu with a maximum release efficiency of 96.6% ± 4.6% and 62.7% ± 8.4% under the condition of 1.5 mol/L NaOH and 25 ℃, respectively. The release efficiency of Zn and Cu was reduced by 63.0% and 21.7%, respectively, due to the extra addition of 0.25 mol/L NaCl at a NaOH concentration of 1.25 mol/L in the APT process. The release of Zn and Cu may be attributed to a complex process including disruption of microbial cells in SS, solubilization of organic matters bounded with metals, and the chemical leaching reaction of minerals. This study demonstrates the possibility to remove the Zn and Cu from the SS in the APT process before the AD disposal.