Long-life and efficient sodium metal anodes enabled by a sodiophilic matrix

Sodium metal is a promising alternative anode for high-energy Na-based batteries due to its natural abundance, favorable redox voltage and remarkable theoretical capacity. However, unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film, huge volume variation and uncontrolled Na dendrite growth, resulting i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of alloys and compounds 2022-07, Vol.910, p.164762, Article 164762
Main Authors: Jiang, Fuyi, Li, Xinjian, Wang, Jinhuan, Gao, Shizhe, Yuan, Hua, Du, Wei, Wu, Haitao, Zhu, Linwei, Hang, Yandi, Yu, Zhipeng, Sun, Jianchao, Zhang, Xiaoyu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anodes
Battery
Cycles
Dendrite
Dendritic structure
Design modifications
Electric potential
Metal foams
Nickel
Nickel foam
Nucleation
Porous media
Sodiophilic
Sodium
Sodium metal
Solid electrolytes
Stability
Voltage
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Summary:Sodium metal is a promising alternative anode for high-energy Na-based batteries due to its natural abundance, favorable redox voltage and remarkable theoretical capacity. However, unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film, huge volume variation and uncontrolled Na dendrite growth, resulting in low Coulombic efficiency and limited span-life, have dragged the Na metal anode out of practical application. Herein, 3D hierarchical porous nickel foam matrix decorated by Fe2O3 nanosheets (Fe2O3 @Ni) is synthesized and served as a sodiophilic scaffold to reduce Na nucleation overpotential and achieve uniform Na deposition without dendrite growth. Consequently, the composite Na/Fe2O3 @Ni anode shows smaller hysteresis voltage at a high current density of 5 mA cm−2 and exhibits satisfactory cycling stability with a Coulombic efficiency of ~ 99.77% (up to 1000 cycles). When in couple with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode, the full cell shows higher capacity and better cycling stability than the one with bare Na anode. The 3D porous nickel modified by Fe2O3 presents a new perspective for the anode design of sodium metal battery. •3D hierarchical porous nickel foam matrix decorated by Fe2O3 nanosheets is designed and prepared.•The Fe2O3 layer plays a critical role in the nucleation and deposition of sodium.•The cell with Fe2O3 @Ni shows a high CE of 99.77% over 1000 cycles (4000 h).•The full cell with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode shows significantly enhanced rate capacity and stable cycle ability.
ISSN:0925-8388
1873-4669
DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.164762