Efficacy of Hesperozygis ringens essential oil as an anesthetic and for sedation of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) during simulated transport

• Published in: Aquaculture international 2022-06, Vol.30 (3), p.1549-1561
• Main Authors: Ferreira, Andre Lima, dos Santos, Fábio Aremil Costa, Souza, André de Sena, Favero, Gisele Cristina, Baldisserotto, Bernardo, Pinheiro, Carlos Garrido, Heinzmann, Berta Maria, Luz, Ronald Kennedy
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biomedical and Life Sciences; Colossoma macropomum; Dissolved oxygen; Essential oils; Experiments; Fish; Freshwater & Marine Ecology; Juveniles; Life Sciences; Minors; Oils & fats; Plastics; Transport; Zoology
• ISSN: 0967-6120; 1573-143X
• DOI: 10.1007/s10499-022-00868-w

This study evaluated the anesthetic and sedative effects of the essential oil of Hesperozygis ringens (EOHR) on juveniles Colossoma macropomum . Experiment 1 exposed juveniles (3.35 ± 0.73 g) to 0 (control), 75, 150, 300 and 450 µL L − 1 of EOHR, with 10 replications each. Induction time showed a quadratic effect (R 2  = 0.8628), while recovery time showed a direct linear effect (R 2  = 0.7527). Concentrations between 150 and 450 µL L − 1 EOHR are therefore recommended for use as anesthetic for C. macropomum . Experiment 2 evaluated 0, 5, 15 and 30 µL L − 1 of EOHR for two periods of transport (4 and 24 h) of juveniles (1.46 ± 0.58 g) in 32 plastic bags (30 × 40 cm) containing 1 L of water, 2/3 of pure oxygen with 10 fish per bag. All EOHR treatments had lower dissolved oxygen (DO) after 24 h, while 15 and 30 µL L − 1 EOHR had lower non-ionized ammonia after 4 and 24 h. Experiment 3 used the same procedures as Experiment 2 for 24 h of transport with juveniles (1.77 ± 0.58 g) in 16 plastic bags at the same density (10 fish L − 1 ). Concentrations of 15 and 30 µL L − 1 EOHR had lower pH after 24 h and all EOHR treatments had lower DO. No mortality was observed. Experiment 4 tested the same concentrations of EOHR evaluated in Experiment 2 but using 16 plastic bags without fish. The concentrations of 15 and 30 µL L − 1 EOHR had lower DO and pH after 24 h.