Early‐Onset Micromorphological Changes of Neuronal Fiber Bundles During Radiotherapy

Background Patients receiving cranial radiation face the risk of delayed brain dysfunction. However, an early medical imaging marker is not available until irreversible morphological changes emerge. Purpose To explore the micromorphological white matter changes during the radiotherapy session by uti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of magnetic resonance imaging 2022-07, Vol.56 (1), p.210-218
Main Authors: Liu, Jin, Wang, Wenjuan, Zhou, Yanfei, Gan, Chen, Wang, Tengfei, Hu, Zongtao, Lou, Jianjun, Wang, Hongzhi, Yang, Li‐Zhuang, Wong, Stephen T.C., Li, Hai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
along‐tract analysis
Anisotropy
Brain
Computed tomography
Corpus callosum
diffusion tensor imaging
Fibers
Field strength
imaging biomarkers
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical imaging
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Neuroimaging
Patients
Population studies
Pyramidal tracts
Radiation
Radiation dosage
Radiation therapy
radiation‐induced brain injury
radiotherapy
Skull
Statistical analysis
Statistical tests
Substantia alba
Tensors
Throat cancer
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Summary:Background Patients receiving cranial radiation face the risk of delayed brain dysfunction. However, an early medical imaging marker is not available until irreversible morphological changes emerge. Purpose To explore the micromorphological white matter changes during the radiotherapy session by utilizing an along‐tract analysis framework. Study Type Prospective. Population Eighteen nasopharyngeal carcinoma (two female) patients receiving cranial radiation. Field Strength/Sequence 3.0 T; Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and T1‐ and T2‐weighted images (T1W, T2W); computed tomography (CT). Assessment Patients received three DTI imaging scans during the radiotherapy (RT), namely the baseline scan (1–2 days before RT began), the middle scan (the middle of the RT session), and the end scan (1–2 days after RT ended). Twelve fibers were segmented after whole‐brain tractography. Then, the fractional anisotropy (FA) values and the cumulative radiation dose received for each fiber streamline were resampled and projected into their center fiber. Statistical Tests The contrast among the three scans (P1: middle scan–baseline scan; P2: end scan–middle scan; P3: end scan–baseline scan) were compared using the linear mixed model for each of the 12 center fibers. Then, a dose–responsiveness relationship was performed using Pearson correlation. P 
ISSN:1053-1807
1522-2586
DOI:10.1002/jmri.28018