The necessity of a reduced version of the psychomotor battery to screen for learning difficulties in preschool children

• Published in: Sustainability 2022-06, Vol.12 (14), p.1-12
• Main Authors: Flores, Pedro Miguel, de Araújo Teixeria, José Eduardo, Leal, Anna Kosmider, Ribeiro, Joana, Monteiro, A. M., Fonseca, Rui Brito, Branquinho, Luís, Ferraz, Ricardo, Miguel Forte, Pedro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Brain research; Children; Children & youth; Correlation coefficient; Correlation coefficients; Data collection; Education; Families & family life; Intervention; Learning; Learning disabilities; Observational learning; Physical education; Preschool children; Prevention; Psychomotor deficit; Psychomotor development; Psychomotor observation; School; Students
• ISSN: 2071-1050; 2071-1050
• DOI: 10.3390/su14127263

Psychomotor development is important for effective learning. Therefore, psychomotor observation is essential beginning in preschool education; however, observational instruments require practice, experience and time-consuming procedures. Psychomotor Battery (PBM) is useful to observe children’s psychomotor profile but needs 30 to 40 min per child to be applied. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to justify the need of a reduced version of the PBM to enable more frequent psychomotor observations at this level of education. A total of 70 preschool students with typical development were observed over 4 months in a school context, among which 31 were males and 39 were females (4- and 5-year-old). PBM is composed by seven psychomotor factors (PMF) distributed across three neuropsychological functional units. The total average of points for psychomotor observations was obtained using multiple linear regression (MLR) with a Stepwise method. For associations, Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was used. The results of this study showed that it is possible to reduce the average time of psychomotor observation by 43.7% (13 min and 31 s), maintaining a very strong association with the total average of points obtained. This reduction in observation time may contribute to the increase in psychomotor observations of preschool children using PMB. This research is supported by Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro and by national funding through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., under the project UID04045/2020.