Trend analysis of the extreme ground-level ozone concentration for 25 air monitoring station in Peninsular Malaysia

• Main Authors: Zakaria, Siti Aisyah, Amin, Nor Azrita Mohd, Jan, Nur Amalina Mat, Radi, Noor Fadhilah Ahmad, Hamidin, Nasrul
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air monitoring; Continuous improvement; Ground level; Outdoor air quality; Ozone; Trend analysis; Trends
• ISSN: 0094-243X; 1551-7616
• DOI: 10.1063/5.0078652

Trend analysis of extreme ground-level ozone (GLO) concentration is one of the common thoughts to ensure the continuous improvement in ozone performing. This paper aims to identify the GLO concentration trends at 25 air monitoring stations in Peninsular Malaysia for understanding the pattern occur in all GLO data. The trend analysis has been examined by method of non-stationarity test and trend test. The objective of this analysis is to classify the nonstationarity and trend behaviour occur in the GLO data concentration and to examine the performance. Results from the ADF (Augmented Dickey-Fuller) test reveals that stationarity exist in all stations whereas the Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin (KPSS) test shows only 8 stations have a stationarity. Next, for the trend test using Mann-Kendall. In a test of maximum ground-level ozone concentration increasing after displaying positive Kendall Z-values for 12 stations, 9 stations were found to be dropping after having a negative Kendall Z-value, and the remaining station showed no trend. This trend analysis can be used for monitoring of the performance of level in ground-level ozone concentration and can be used as an idea to statistician to continue the analysis in order to further investigation about ground-level ozone performance.