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A circuit mechanism for independent modulation of excitatory and inhibitory firing rates after sensory deprivation
Diverse interneuron subtypes shape sensory processing in mature cortical circuits. During development, sensory deprivation evokes powerful synaptic plasticity that alters circuitry, but how different inhibitory subtypes modulate circuit dynamics in response to this plasticity remains unclear. We inv...
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Published in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2022-08, Vol.119 (32) |
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creator | Richter, Leonidas M A Gjorgjieva, Julijana |
description | Diverse interneuron subtypes shape sensory processing in mature cortical circuits. During development, sensory deprivation evokes powerful synaptic plasticity that alters circuitry, but how different inhibitory subtypes modulate circuit dynamics in response to this plasticity remains unclear. We investigate how deprivation-induced synaptic changes affect excitatory and inhibitory firing rates in a microcircuit model of the sensory cortex with multiple interneuron subtypes. We find that with a single interneuron subtype (parvalbumin-expressing [PV]), excitatory and inhibitory firing rates can only be comodulated-increased or decreased together. To explain the experimentally observed independent modulation, whereby one firing rate increases and the other decreases, requires strong feedback from a second interneuron subtype (somatostatin-expressing [SST]). Our model applies to the visual and somatosensory cortex, suggesting a general mechanism across sensory cortices. Therefore, we provide a mechanistic explanation for the differential role of interneuron subtypes in regulating firing rates, contributing to the already diverse roles they serve in the cortex. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.211689511 |
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During development, sensory deprivation evokes powerful synaptic plasticity that alters circuitry, but how different inhibitory subtypes modulate circuit dynamics in response to this plasticity remains unclear. We investigate how deprivation-induced synaptic changes affect excitatory and inhibitory firing rates in a microcircuit model of the sensory cortex with multiple interneuron subtypes. We find that with a single interneuron subtype (parvalbumin-expressing [PV]), excitatory and inhibitory firing rates can only be comodulated-increased or decreased together. To explain the experimentally observed independent modulation, whereby one firing rate increases and the other decreases, requires strong feedback from a second interneuron subtype (somatostatin-expressing [SST]). Our model applies to the visual and somatosensory cortex, suggesting a general mechanism across sensory cortices. 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During development, sensory deprivation evokes powerful synaptic plasticity that alters circuitry, but how different inhibitory subtypes modulate circuit dynamics in response to this plasticity remains unclear. We investigate how deprivation-induced synaptic changes affect excitatory and inhibitory firing rates in a microcircuit model of the sensory cortex with multiple interneuron subtypes. We find that with a single interneuron subtype (parvalbumin-expressing [PV]), excitatory and inhibitory firing rates can only be comodulated-increased or decreased together. To explain the experimentally observed independent modulation, whereby one firing rate increases and the other decreases, requires strong feedback from a second interneuron subtype (somatostatin-expressing [SST]). Our model applies to the visual and somatosensory cortex, suggesting a general mechanism across sensory cortices. Therefore, we provide a mechanistic explanation for the differential role of interneuron subtypes in regulating firing rates, contributing to the already diverse roles they serve in the cortex.</description><subject>Circuits</subject><subject>Cortex (somatosensory)</subject><subject>Firing rate</subject><subject>Information processing</subject><subject>Modulation</subject><subject>Parvalbumin</subject><subject>Plasticity</subject><subject>Sensory deprivation</subject><subject>Sensory integration</subject><subject>Somatostatin</subject><subject>Synaptic plasticity</subject><subject>Visual pathways</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNjM1OwzAQhC1EJcLPlfNKnFPWSdrER4SoeIDeK5PY7VbtOl07Fbw9puoDcJnR6Ps0Sj1rnGts69eRbZxXWi87s9D6RhUajS6XjcFbVSBWbdk1VXOn7mPcI6JZdFgoeYOepJ8owdH1O8sUj-CDAPHgRpeDMwnDdLCJAkPw4L57SjYF-QHLQxZ39EWX6UmItyA2uQjWJycQHcc_lM-EzpePRzXz9hDd07Uf1MvqY_3-WY4STpOLabMPk3BGm6pFbE1do6n_Z_0CvGxTjg</recordid><startdate>20220809</startdate><enddate>20220809</enddate><creator>Richter, Leonidas M A</creator><creator>Gjorgjieva, Julijana</creator><general>National Academy of Sciences</general><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220809</creationdate><title>A circuit mechanism for independent modulation of excitatory and inhibitory firing rates after sensory deprivation</title><author>Richter, Leonidas M A ; Gjorgjieva, Julijana</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-proquest_journals_27007933093</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Circuits</topic><topic>Cortex (somatosensory)</topic><topic>Firing rate</topic><topic>Information processing</topic><topic>Modulation</topic><topic>Parvalbumin</topic><topic>Plasticity</topic><topic>Sensory deprivation</topic><topic>Sensory integration</topic><topic>Somatostatin</topic><topic>Synaptic plasticity</topic><topic>Visual pathways</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Richter, Leonidas M A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gjorgjieva, Julijana</creatorcontrib><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Richter, Leonidas M A</au><au>Gjorgjieva, Julijana</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A circuit mechanism for independent modulation of excitatory and inhibitory firing rates after sensory deprivation</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle><date>2022-08-09</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>119</volume><issue>32</issue><issn>0027-8424</issn><eissn>1091-6490</eissn><abstract>Diverse interneuron subtypes shape sensory processing in mature cortical circuits. During development, sensory deprivation evokes powerful synaptic plasticity that alters circuitry, but how different inhibitory subtypes modulate circuit dynamics in response to this plasticity remains unclear. We investigate how deprivation-induced synaptic changes affect excitatory and inhibitory firing rates in a microcircuit model of the sensory cortex with multiple interneuron subtypes. We find that with a single interneuron subtype (parvalbumin-expressing [PV]), excitatory and inhibitory firing rates can only be comodulated-increased or decreased together. To explain the experimentally observed independent modulation, whereby one firing rate increases and the other decreases, requires strong feedback from a second interneuron subtype (somatostatin-expressing [SST]). Our model applies to the visual and somatosensory cortex, suggesting a general mechanism across sensory cortices. 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subjects | Circuits Cortex (somatosensory) Firing rate Information processing Modulation Parvalbumin Plasticity Sensory deprivation Sensory integration Somatostatin Synaptic plasticity Visual pathways |
title | A circuit mechanism for independent modulation of excitatory and inhibitory firing rates after sensory deprivation |
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