A miniatured helical antenna based on the sinusoidal folding structure with exponential spacing

An exponential spacing and sinusoidal folded helical (ESSFH) antenna backed with a cavity is developed in this paper. Compared with the conventional helical (CH) antenna, the proposed antenna not only has smaller dimension but also exhibits a wider working bandwidth, a higher gain, and a better circ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Review of scientific instruments 2022-08, Vol.93 (8), p.084702-084702
Main Authors: Qiu, Yang-xin, Xie, Yan-zhao, Wang, Shao-fei, Li, Qi, Gu, Yu-hao, Zhang, Pu-qing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antennas
Circular polarization
Diameters
Folding structures
Ground plane
Helical antennas
Scientific apparatus & instruments
Sine waves
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Summary:An exponential spacing and sinusoidal folded helical (ESSFH) antenna backed with a cavity is developed in this paper. Compared with the conventional helical (CH) antenna, the proposed antenna not only has smaller dimension but also exhibits a wider working bandwidth, a higher gain, and a better circular polarization (CP) characteristic. To reduce the dimension of the helical antenna, a sinusoidal structure is adopted along the circumference of the helix. However, it deteriorates the CP characteristic of the antenna. Therefore, the structure of the exponential helix spacing is introduced into the sinusoidal folded helical (SFH) antenna. Then, to further improve the gain of the ESSFH antenna, its ground plane is replaced by an optimized cavity. Compared with the CH antenna, the helix diameter of the ESSFH antenna Dλ is reduced from 0.32 to 0.23, and its volume is reduced to 53%. The ESSFH antenna backed with a cavity has an impedance bandwidth of 0.43–1.02 GHz, which is much wider than 0.48–0.60 GHz of the CH antenna. Moreover, it has an axial ratio of 1.77, while the axial ratio of the CH antenna is 2.61. In addition, its effective potential gain is 0.56, which is 22% higher than that of the CH antenna.
ISSN:0034-6748
1089-7623
DOI:10.1063/5.0100461