The Two Sides of Cognitive Masking: A Three-Level Bayesian Meta-Analysis on Twice-Exceptionality

We compared the Wechsler scores of individuals with twice-exceptionality (2e) and giftedness using a three-level Bayesian meta-analysis. Ninety-five effect sizes were calculated from 15 studies (n = 2,106). Results show that individuals with 2e who have learning disabilities perform lower than indiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Gifted child quarterly 2022-10, Vol.66 (4), p.277-295
Main Authors: Atmaca, Furkan, Baloğlu, Mustafa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Bayesian analysis
Bayesian Statistics
Children
Cognitive Processes
Comparative Analysis
Dyslexia
Effect Size
Exceptional children
Gifted
Gifted Disabled
Gifted education
Identification
Intelligence Quotient
Intelligence Tests
Learning Disabilities
Meta Analysis
Scores
Short Term Memory
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Summary:We compared the Wechsler scores of individuals with twice-exceptionality (2e) and giftedness using a three-level Bayesian meta-analysis. Ninety-five effect sizes were calculated from 15 studies (n = 2,106). Results show that individuals with 2e who have learning disabilities perform lower than individuals with giftedness in Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ; g = −0.62), working memory (g = −0.79), and processing speed (g = −0.75). Individuals with 2e who have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder have a distinct profile in which only processing speed differs from individuals with giftedness (g = −0.55). Results suggest that using a single Intelligence Quotient (IQ) score in the identification process will be misleading. Moreover, IQ may mask the strengths or weaknesses of individuals with 2e.
ISSN:0016-9862
1934-9041
DOI:10.1177/00169862221110875