Marine Pelagic Ecosystem Responses to Climate Variability and Change

abstract The marine coastal region makes up just 10% of the total area of the global ocean but contributes nearly 20% of its total primary production and over 80% of fisheries landings. Unicellular phytoplankton dominate primary production. Climate variability has had impacts on various marine ecosy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioscience 2022-09, Vol.72 (9), p.827-850
Main Authors: Ducklow, Hugh, Cimino, Megan, Dunton, Kenneth H, Fraser, William R, Hopcroft, Russell R, Ji, Rubao, Miller, Arthur J, Ohman, Mark D, Sosik, Heidi M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air temperature
Climate
Climate variability
Coastal zone
Ecological research
Ecology
Environmental changes
Fisheries
Ice cover
Marine ecosystems
Phytoplankton
Primary production
Sea ice
Surface temperature
Trends
Variability
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Summary:abstract The marine coastal region makes up just 10% of the total area of the global ocean but contributes nearly 20% of its total primary production and over 80% of fisheries landings. Unicellular phytoplankton dominate primary production. Climate variability has had impacts on various marine ecosystems, but most sites are just approaching the age at which ecological responses to longer term, unidirectional climate trends might be distinguished. All five marine pelagic sites in the US Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) network are experiencing warming trends in surface air temperature. The marine physical system is responding at all sites with increasing mixed layer temperatures and decreasing depth and with declining sea ice cover at the two polar sites. Their ecological responses are more varied. Some sites show multiple population or ecosystem changes, whereas, at others, changes have not been detected, either because more time is needed or because they are not being measured.
ISSN:0006-3568
1525-3244
DOI:10.1093/biosci/biac050