Comprehensive silk gland multi-omics comparison illuminates two alternative mechanisms in silkworm heterosis

Heterosis is a common phenomenon in plants and animals with diverse underlying mechanisms. Here, we applied two widely used silkworm hybrid systems and performed multi-omics analysis to identify possible intrinsic associations between different hybrid strategies and epigenetic mechanisms with silkwo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Dōngwùxué yánjiū 2022-07, Vol.43 (4), p.585-596
Main Authors: Xu, Han, Chen, Lei, Tong, Xiao-Ling, Hu, Hai, Liu, Li-Yuan, Liu, Gui-Chun, Zhu, Ya-Nan, Zhao, Ruo-Ping, Wang, Wen, Dai, Fang-Yin, Li, Xin, Xiang, Hui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural production
Catabolism
Data processing
DNA methylation
Energy utilization
Epigenetics
Evolution & development
Gene expression
Genes
Genomes
Genomics
Glucose metabolism
Heterosis
Hybrid systems
Hybrid vigor
Hybridization
Hypotheses
Metabolism
Nitrogen
Nitrogen compounds
Offspring
Quality control
Quantitative genetics
Silk
Silk gland
Silkworms
Transcriptomics
Transport processes
Tricarboxylic acid cycle
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Summary:Heterosis is a common phenomenon in plants and animals with diverse underlying mechanisms. Here, we applied two widely used silkworm hybrid systems and performed multi-omics analysis to identify possible intrinsic associations between different hybrid strategies and epigenetic mechanisms with silkworm heterosis. We found significant differences in the silk gland transcriptomic landscape between the two systems, including differentially expressed genes and expression patterns in the hybrid offspring compared to their parents. In the quaternary hybrid system, hybrid vigor was primarily due to up-regulated genes and the parent-dominant up-regulated expression pattern, involving multiple transport processes, cellular nitrogen compound catabolism, glucose metabolism, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. In the binary system, hybrid vigor was mainly due to the down-regulated genes and transgressively down-regulated expression pattern, mainly involving basic nitrogen synthesis metabolism and body function. We also demonstrated that DNA methylation may affect hybrid vigor by regulating the expression of several heterosis-related genes. Thus, this study revealed two alternative mechanisms that may contribute to silkworm heterosis, both of which facilitate the efficient utilization of energy and nitrogen for silk production.
ISSN:0254-5853
DOI:10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.065