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Rainy years counteract negative effects of drought on taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity: Resilience in annual plant communities
Climate models forecast changes in the amount and distribution of rain, which may affect ecosystems worldwide, especially in drylands where water is already the limiting factor for plant life. Annual plant communities are common in drylands where they can complete their entire life cycle during the...
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Published in: | The Journal of ecology 2022-10, Vol.110 (10), p.2308-2320 |
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creator | López‐Rubio, Roberto Pescador, David S. Escudero, Adrián Sánchez, Ana M. |
description | Climate models forecast changes in the amount and distribution of rain, which may affect ecosystems worldwide, especially in drylands where water is already the limiting factor for plant life. Annual plant communities are common in drylands where they can complete their entire life cycle during the rainy period while avoiding the dry season. Moreover, seed dormancy allows them to disperse over time by remaining in the seed bank for long periods. However, the extent to which these communities will be able to tolerate increasing drought is uncertain.
We performed a 5‐year rainfall reduction treatment under field conditions and determined its effects on annual plant communities in a Mediterranean gypsum ecosystem. We assessed the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of these communities each year for 5 years.
The taxonomic and functional diversity decreased under the rainfall reduction treatment, whereas the phylogenetic diversity increased. Moreover, the relative importance of species with drought‐resistant functional designs increased in the community assemblages. However, after a rainy season with above average rainfall, all of the diversity values recovered completely even under the rainfall reduction treatment.
Our results provide important insights into the responses of these plant communities under a climate change scenario, where they indicate high losses of diversity during drought events but rapid recovery in milder years.
Synthesis. Our findings highlight the great resilience of annual plant communities in drylands, which may allow them to tolerate increased drought under the present climate change scenario.
Resumen
Los modelos climáticos predicen cambios en la distribución y cantidad de precipitaciones que podrían afectar a los ecosistemas de todo el mundo, especialmente a las zonas áridas, donde el agua ya es el principal factor limitante para la vida vegetal. Las comunidades de plantas anuales son comunes en sistemas áridos, debido a que pueden completar la totalidad de su ciclo vital durante el periodo de lluvias y evitar así la estación seca. Además, la dormición de las semillas les permite una dispersión en el tiempo al permanecer en el banco de semillas durante largos períodos de tiempo. Sin embargo, no se sabe con exactitud hasta qué punto podrán tolerar estas comunidades un incremento en la aridez.
Realizamos un tratamiento de reducción de lluvia durante cinco años en condiciones de campo y determinamos sus efectos sobre las co |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/1365-2745.13948 |
format | article |
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We performed a 5‐year rainfall reduction treatment under field conditions and determined its effects on annual plant communities in a Mediterranean gypsum ecosystem. We assessed the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of these communities each year for 5 years.
The taxonomic and functional diversity decreased under the rainfall reduction treatment, whereas the phylogenetic diversity increased. Moreover, the relative importance of species with drought‐resistant functional designs increased in the community assemblages. However, after a rainy season with above average rainfall, all of the diversity values recovered completely even under the rainfall reduction treatment.
Our results provide important insights into the responses of these plant communities under a climate change scenario, where they indicate high losses of diversity during drought events but rapid recovery in milder years.
Synthesis. Our findings highlight the great resilience of annual plant communities in drylands, which may allow them to tolerate increased drought under the present climate change scenario.
Resumen
Los modelos climáticos predicen cambios en la distribución y cantidad de precipitaciones que podrían afectar a los ecosistemas de todo el mundo, especialmente a las zonas áridas, donde el agua ya es el principal factor limitante para la vida vegetal. Las comunidades de plantas anuales son comunes en sistemas áridos, debido a que pueden completar la totalidad de su ciclo vital durante el periodo de lluvias y evitar así la estación seca. Además, la dormición de las semillas les permite una dispersión en el tiempo al permanecer en el banco de semillas durante largos períodos de tiempo. Sin embargo, no se sabe con exactitud hasta qué punto podrán tolerar estas comunidades un incremento en la aridez.
Realizamos un tratamiento de reducción de lluvia durante cinco años en condiciones de campo y determinamos sus efectos sobre las comunidades de plantas anuales de un ecosistema de yesos mediterráneo. Medimos la diversidad taxonómica, funcional y filogenética de las comunidades cada año.
La diversidad taxonómica y funcional disminuyó con el tratamiento de reducción de lluvia, mientras que la filogenética aumentó. Además, la importancia relativa de las especies con diseños funcionales resistentes a la sequía se incrementó en los ensamblajes de las comunidades. Sin embargo, después de un año lluvioso con una precipitación superior a la media, todos los valores de diversidad se recuperaron por completo, incluso bajo el tratamiento de reducción de lluvia.
Nuestros resultados aportan información importante sobre las respuestas de estas comunidades vegetales en un escenario de cambio climático, para el cual se prevén altas pérdidas de diversidad durante los eventos de sequía, pero una rápida recuperación en años más benignos.
Síntesis. Nuestros descubrimientos destacan la gran capacidad de resiliencia de las comunidades anuales de sistemas áridos, una capacidad que podría ayudarlas a tolerar un incremento en la aridez asociado al actual escenario de cambio climático.
Our results provide important insights into the responses of semiarid annual plant communities under a climate change scenario. Experimental rain exclusion consistently decreased diversity (taxonomic and functional) but to a lesser extent than interannual rain patterns, that result in deep diversity losses during drought events but rapid recovery in milder years. This finding suggests a high resilience of these communities, although it also alerts us about the unpredictable consequences that may result from the permanent increase in drought predicted by climate change models in the Mediterranean Basin.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-0477</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2745</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13948</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Annual ; annual communities ; Arid lands ; Arid zones ; Climate change ; Climate models ; Dispersion ; Dormancy ; Drought ; Dry season ; functional traits ; Gypsum ; gypsum soils ; Life cycle ; Life cycles ; Limiting factors ; Mediterranean drylands ; phylogenetic diversity ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Plant communities ; Plants ; Precipitation ; Rain ; rain shelters ; Rainfall ; Rainy season ; Reduction ; Resilience ; Seed banks ; Seeds ; Taxonomy ; Wet season</subject><ispartof>The Journal of ecology, 2022-10, Vol.110 (10), p.2308-2320</ispartof><rights>2022 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.</rights><rights>2022. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3568-345eee7be5eb9156db376b9d9f6ec92c6815cc445b65ce35dc6ba78780bfa4993</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3568-345eee7be5eb9156db376b9d9f6ec92c6815cc445b65ce35dc6ba78780bfa4993</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5018-8799 ; 0000-0003-0395-9543 ; 0000-0002-1427-5465 ; 0000-0002-6220-3001</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>López‐Rubio, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pescador, David S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Escudero, Adrián</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sánchez, Ana M.</creatorcontrib><title>Rainy years counteract negative effects of drought on taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity: Resilience in annual plant communities</title><title>The Journal of ecology</title><description>Climate models forecast changes in the amount and distribution of rain, which may affect ecosystems worldwide, especially in drylands where water is already the limiting factor for plant life. Annual plant communities are common in drylands where they can complete their entire life cycle during the rainy period while avoiding the dry season. Moreover, seed dormancy allows them to disperse over time by remaining in the seed bank for long periods. However, the extent to which these communities will be able to tolerate increasing drought is uncertain.
We performed a 5‐year rainfall reduction treatment under field conditions and determined its effects on annual plant communities in a Mediterranean gypsum ecosystem. We assessed the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of these communities each year for 5 years.
The taxonomic and functional diversity decreased under the rainfall reduction treatment, whereas the phylogenetic diversity increased. Moreover, the relative importance of species with drought‐resistant functional designs increased in the community assemblages. However, after a rainy season with above average rainfall, all of the diversity values recovered completely even under the rainfall reduction treatment.
Our results provide important insights into the responses of these plant communities under a climate change scenario, where they indicate high losses of diversity during drought events but rapid recovery in milder years.
Synthesis. Our findings highlight the great resilience of annual plant communities in drylands, which may allow them to tolerate increased drought under the present climate change scenario.
Resumen
Los modelos climáticos predicen cambios en la distribución y cantidad de precipitaciones que podrían afectar a los ecosistemas de todo el mundo, especialmente a las zonas áridas, donde el agua ya es el principal factor limitante para la vida vegetal. Las comunidades de plantas anuales son comunes en sistemas áridos, debido a que pueden completar la totalidad de su ciclo vital durante el periodo de lluvias y evitar así la estación seca. Además, la dormición de las semillas les permite una dispersión en el tiempo al permanecer en el banco de semillas durante largos períodos de tiempo. Sin embargo, no se sabe con exactitud hasta qué punto podrán tolerar estas comunidades un incremento en la aridez.
Realizamos un tratamiento de reducción de lluvia durante cinco años en condiciones de campo y determinamos sus efectos sobre las comunidades de plantas anuales de un ecosistema de yesos mediterráneo. Medimos la diversidad taxonómica, funcional y filogenética de las comunidades cada año.
La diversidad taxonómica y funcional disminuyó con el tratamiento de reducción de lluvia, mientras que la filogenética aumentó. Además, la importancia relativa de las especies con diseños funcionales resistentes a la sequía se incrementó en los ensamblajes de las comunidades. Sin embargo, después de un año lluvioso con una precipitación superior a la media, todos los valores de diversidad se recuperaron por completo, incluso bajo el tratamiento de reducción de lluvia.
Nuestros resultados aportan información importante sobre las respuestas de estas comunidades vegetales en un escenario de cambio climático, para el cual se prevén altas pérdidas de diversidad durante los eventos de sequía, pero una rápida recuperación en años más benignos.
Síntesis. Nuestros descubrimientos destacan la gran capacidad de resiliencia de las comunidades anuales de sistemas áridos, una capacidad que podría ayudarlas a tolerar un incremento en la aridez asociado al actual escenario de cambio climático.
Our results provide important insights into the responses of semiarid annual plant communities under a climate change scenario. Experimental rain exclusion consistently decreased diversity (taxonomic and functional) but to a lesser extent than interannual rain patterns, that result in deep diversity losses during drought events but rapid recovery in milder years. This finding suggests a high resilience of these communities, although it also alerts us about the unpredictable consequences that may result from the permanent increase in drought predicted by climate change models in the Mediterranean Basin.</description><subject>Annual</subject><subject>annual communities</subject><subject>Arid lands</subject><subject>Arid zones</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Climate models</subject><subject>Dispersion</subject><subject>Dormancy</subject><subject>Drought</subject><subject>Dry season</subject><subject>functional traits</subject><subject>Gypsum</subject><subject>gypsum soils</subject><subject>Life cycle</subject><subject>Life cycles</subject><subject>Limiting factors</subject><subject>Mediterranean drylands</subject><subject>phylogenetic diversity</subject><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Plant communities</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>Precipitation</subject><subject>Rain</subject><subject>rain shelters</subject><subject>Rainfall</subject><subject>Rainy season</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Resilience</subject><subject>Seed banks</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>Taxonomy</subject><subject>Wet season</subject><issn>0022-0477</issn><issn>1365-2745</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1LAzEQhoMoWKtnrwGvbpvsbpJdb1LqFwWh6Dlks7NtyjapSVbdP-FvdmvFq3MZGJ53hnkQuqRkQoea0oyzJBU5m9CszIsjNPqbHKMRIWmakFyIU3QWwoYQwgUjI_S1VMb2uAflA9ausxG80hFbWKlo3gFD04COAbsG1951q3XEzuKoPp11W6OvcdNZHY2zqsXK1ni37lu3AgvRaFwPG3wwsb_BSwimNWA1YGMH0nZDYNcqG4ez221nTTQQztFJo9oAF799jF7v5i-zh2TxfP84u10kOmO8SLKcAYCogEFVUsbrKhO8Kuuy4aDLVPOCMq3znFWcachYrXmlRCEKUjUqL8tsjK4Oe3fevXUQoty4zg8_BJmKNCOElrQYqOmB0t6F4KGRO2-2yveSErmXLveK5V6x_JE-JNgh8WFa6P_D5dN8dsh9A1Fnh3w</recordid><startdate>202210</startdate><enddate>202210</enddate><creator>López‐Rubio, Roberto</creator><creator>Pescador, David S.</creator><creator>Escudero, Adrián</creator><creator>Sánchez, Ana M.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5018-8799</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0395-9543</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1427-5465</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6220-3001</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202210</creationdate><title>Rainy years counteract negative effects of drought on taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity: Resilience in annual plant communities</title><author>López‐Rubio, Roberto ; Pescador, David S. ; Escudero, Adrián ; Sánchez, Ana M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3568-345eee7be5eb9156db376b9d9f6ec92c6815cc445b65ce35dc6ba78780bfa4993</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Annual</topic><topic>annual communities</topic><topic>Arid lands</topic><topic>Arid zones</topic><topic>Climate change</topic><topic>Climate models</topic><topic>Dispersion</topic><topic>Dormancy</topic><topic>Drought</topic><topic>Dry season</topic><topic>functional traits</topic><topic>Gypsum</topic><topic>gypsum soils</topic><topic>Life cycle</topic><topic>Life cycles</topic><topic>Limiting factors</topic><topic>Mediterranean drylands</topic><topic>phylogenetic diversity</topic><topic>Phylogenetics</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Plant communities</topic><topic>Plants</topic><topic>Precipitation</topic><topic>Rain</topic><topic>rain shelters</topic><topic>Rainfall</topic><topic>Rainy season</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Resilience</topic><topic>Seed banks</topic><topic>Seeds</topic><topic>Taxonomy</topic><topic>Wet season</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>López‐Rubio, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pescador, David S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Escudero, Adrián</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sánchez, Ana M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley_OA刊</collection><collection>Wiley Online Library</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The Journal of ecology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>López‐Rubio, Roberto</au><au>Pescador, David S.</au><au>Escudero, Adrián</au><au>Sánchez, Ana M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Rainy years counteract negative effects of drought on taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity: Resilience in annual plant communities</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of ecology</jtitle><date>2022-10</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>110</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2308</spage><epage>2320</epage><pages>2308-2320</pages><issn>0022-0477</issn><eissn>1365-2745</eissn><abstract>Climate models forecast changes in the amount and distribution of rain, which may affect ecosystems worldwide, especially in drylands where water is already the limiting factor for plant life. Annual plant communities are common in drylands where they can complete their entire life cycle during the rainy period while avoiding the dry season. Moreover, seed dormancy allows them to disperse over time by remaining in the seed bank for long periods. However, the extent to which these communities will be able to tolerate increasing drought is uncertain.
We performed a 5‐year rainfall reduction treatment under field conditions and determined its effects on annual plant communities in a Mediterranean gypsum ecosystem. We assessed the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of these communities each year for 5 years.
The taxonomic and functional diversity decreased under the rainfall reduction treatment, whereas the phylogenetic diversity increased. Moreover, the relative importance of species with drought‐resistant functional designs increased in the community assemblages. However, after a rainy season with above average rainfall, all of the diversity values recovered completely even under the rainfall reduction treatment.
Our results provide important insights into the responses of these plant communities under a climate change scenario, where they indicate high losses of diversity during drought events but rapid recovery in milder years.
Synthesis. Our findings highlight the great resilience of annual plant communities in drylands, which may allow them to tolerate increased drought under the present climate change scenario.
Resumen
Los modelos climáticos predicen cambios en la distribución y cantidad de precipitaciones que podrían afectar a los ecosistemas de todo el mundo, especialmente a las zonas áridas, donde el agua ya es el principal factor limitante para la vida vegetal. Las comunidades de plantas anuales son comunes en sistemas áridos, debido a que pueden completar la totalidad de su ciclo vital durante el periodo de lluvias y evitar así la estación seca. Además, la dormición de las semillas les permite una dispersión en el tiempo al permanecer en el banco de semillas durante largos períodos de tiempo. Sin embargo, no se sabe con exactitud hasta qué punto podrán tolerar estas comunidades un incremento en la aridez.
Realizamos un tratamiento de reducción de lluvia durante cinco años en condiciones de campo y determinamos sus efectos sobre las comunidades de plantas anuales de un ecosistema de yesos mediterráneo. Medimos la diversidad taxonómica, funcional y filogenética de las comunidades cada año.
La diversidad taxonómica y funcional disminuyó con el tratamiento de reducción de lluvia, mientras que la filogenética aumentó. Además, la importancia relativa de las especies con diseños funcionales resistentes a la sequía se incrementó en los ensamblajes de las comunidades. Sin embargo, después de un año lluvioso con una precipitación superior a la media, todos los valores de diversidad se recuperaron por completo, incluso bajo el tratamiento de reducción de lluvia.
Nuestros resultados aportan información importante sobre las respuestas de estas comunidades vegetales en un escenario de cambio climático, para el cual se prevén altas pérdidas de diversidad durante los eventos de sequía, pero una rápida recuperación en años más benignos.
Síntesis. Nuestros descubrimientos destacan la gran capacidad de resiliencia de las comunidades anuales de sistemas áridos, una capacidad que podría ayudarlas a tolerar un incremento en la aridez asociado al actual escenario de cambio climático.
Our results provide important insights into the responses of semiarid annual plant communities under a climate change scenario. Experimental rain exclusion consistently decreased diversity (taxonomic and functional) but to a lesser extent than interannual rain patterns, that result in deep diversity losses during drought events but rapid recovery in milder years. This finding suggests a high resilience of these communities, although it also alerts us about the unpredictable consequences that may result from the permanent increase in drought predicted by climate change models in the Mediterranean Basin.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1111/1365-2745.13948</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5018-8799</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0395-9543</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1427-5465</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6220-3001</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Annual annual communities Arid lands Arid zones Climate change Climate models Dispersion Dormancy Drought Dry season functional traits Gypsum gypsum soils Life cycle Life cycles Limiting factors Mediterranean drylands phylogenetic diversity Phylogenetics Phylogeny Plant communities Plants Precipitation Rain rain shelters Rainfall Rainy season Reduction Resilience Seed banks Seeds Taxonomy Wet season |
title | Rainy years counteract negative effects of drought on taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity: Resilience in annual plant communities |
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