Effect of the composition of the lubricating and cooling fluid on the roughness and corrosion resistance of surface parts after processing

• Main Authors: Gaidar, S. M., Pydrin, A. V., Najm, Naji A., Pikina, A. M., Golubev, M. I., Shaaban, Fatma, Sudnik, Yuri
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Subjects: Additives; Biocides; Composition; Coolants; Copper; Copper base alloys; Corrosion effects; Corrosion inhibitors; Corrosion prevention; Corrosion products; Corrosion rate; Corrosion resistance; Cutting parameters; Emulsifiers; Flat plates; Flow velocity; Formulations; Mineral oils; Roughness; Turning (machining); Workpieces
• ISSN: 0094-243X; 1551-7616
• DOI: 10.1063/5.0099624

The purpose of the research is to assess the effect of the cutting coolant composition on the roughness and corrosion resistance of the part surfaces after machining. Three types of commercial cutting coolants having a concentration of 10% were selected as the tested compositions. The first composition (sample 1) is a balanced mixture of mineral oils, emulsifier, corrosion inhibitor and other components (analogous to “Emulsoifiers type” compositions). The second composition (sample 2) is a semi-synthetic cutting coolant containing about 15% mineral oil, as well as a corrosion inhibitor, biocidal additives, an emulsifier and other components. The third composition (sample 3) is a synthetic cutting coolant that does not contain mineral oils. The coolant flow rate was 10 L / min in all the experiments. Research to determine the roughness of the machined surface was carried out on the 16R25 screw lathe. The following cutting conditions were selected for machining the workpiece: a cutting depth of 0.25 mm; a spindle speed of 590 rpm; a feed of 0.2 mm / rev.; a cutting rate of 85 m / min. The protective efficiency of the coolant was assessed using the gravimetric method for determining the rate of corrosion of metals, which has two main applications: determining the increase in weight due to the formation of corrosion products on the surface of the sample and determining the loss of weight after removing the corrosion products formed. The second option was used in the research. Corrosion products were removed using special solutions. The tested samples were flat plates having a size of 50x50x3 mm and made of St3 GOST 380-2005 steel grade and M1 GOST 859-2001 copper grade. The investigated cutting coolant compositions reduced the height of microroughness on the surface of parts after turning. The most effective formulations were based on a synthetic cutting coolant (sample 3), which do not contain mineral oils. The greatest anticorrosive protective effect for the surfaces of steel parts was possessed by the compositions of cutting coolants based on synthetic cutting coolants (sample 3). It was revealed that compositions based on mineral oils (samples 1 and 2) upon contact with copper stimulated the corrosion process, therefore they were not recommended for use in the machining of parts made of copper and copper alloys.