Lippia grata essential oil complexed with β-cyclodextrin ameliorates biochemical and behavioral deficits in an animal model of progressive parkinsonism

• Published in: Metabolic brain disease 2022-10, Vol.37 (7), p.2331-2347
• Main Authors: Beserra-Filho, Jose Ivo A., Maria-Macêdo, Amanda, Silva-Martins, Suellen, Custódio-Silva, Ana Cláudia, Soares-Silva, Beatriz, Silva, Sara Pereira, Lambertucci, Rafael Herling, de Souza Araújo, Adriano Antunes, Lucchese, Angélica Maria, Quintans-Júnior, Lucindo J., Santos, José Ronaldo, Silva, Regina H., Ribeiro, Alessandra M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal behavior; Animal models; Basal ganglia; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Brain diseases; Catalepsy; Caudate-putamen; Central nervous system diseases; Cyclodextrins; Depletion; Dopamine receptors; Essential oils; Etiology; Immunoreactivity; Lippia; Medicinal plants; Metabolic Diseases; Movement disorders; Neostriatum; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neurological disorders; Neurology; Neuroprotection; Neurosciences; Object recognition; Oils & fats; Oncology; Original Article; Oxidative stress; Pain; Parkinson's disease; Pattern recognition; Plant species; Reserpine; Stress analysis; Substantia nigra; Synuclein; β-Cyclodextrin
• ISSN: 0885-7490; 1573-7365
• DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01032-2

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is identified by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and is correlated to aggregates of proteins such as α-synuclein, Lewy’s bodies. Although the PD etiology remains poorly understood, evidence suggests a main role of oxidative stress on this process. Lippia grata Schauer, known as “alecrim-do-mato”, “alecrim-de-vaqueiro”, “alecrim-da-chapada”, is a native bush from tropical areas mainly distributed throughout the Central and South America. This plant species is commonly used in traditional medicine for relief of pain and inflammation conditions, and that has proven antioxidant effects. We evaluated the effects of essential oil of the L. grata after its complexed with β-cyclodextrin (LIP) on PD animal model induced by reserpine (RES). Behavioral assessments were performed across the treatment. Upon completion the treatment, the animals were euthanized, afterwards their brains were isolated and processed for immunohistochemical and oxidative stress analysis. The LIP treatment delayed the onset of the behavior of catalepsy, decreased the number of oral movements and prevented the memory impairment on the novel object recognition task. In addition, the treatment with LIP protected against dopaminergic depletion in the SNpc and dorsal striatum (STRd), and decreased the α-syn immunoreactivity in the SNpc and hippocampus (HIP). Moreover, there was reduction of the oxidative stability index. These findings demonstrated that the LIP treatment has neuroprotective effect in a progressive parkinsonism model, suggesting that LIP could be an important source for novel treatment approaches in PD.