Treatment of Severe Gingival Recession Using Pedicled Buccal Fat Pad: Histological and Clinical Findings

• Published in: Clinical and experimental health sciences (Online) 2016-10, Vol.6 (4), p.187
• Main Authors: ERCAN, Esra, ÇANDIRLI, Celal, UYSAL, Cihan, UZUN, Bilge Cansu, Yenilmez, Engin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Case reports; Gum disease; Periodontics; Skin & tissue grafts; Tissue engineering
• ISSN: 2459-1459

There are a lot of techniques for treatment of gingival recessions. However, Miller class III and IV type recession defects have poor prognosis. The Buccal Fat Pad (BFP) is a specialized tissue that can be able to transform into bone, cartilage, fat and muscle. In this case report, the treatment of two cases with severe gingival recessions using pedicled BFP, was introduced. During surgery, full thickness flap was elevated at recipient site. The pedicled BFP was exposed using proper surgical technique. The body mass of BFP was removed over and sutured to mucosa. Small amount of fat tissue was obtained for histological analysis. Vascularized flap was placed at buccal surface of 1st molar tooth and sutured. The buccal flep also was coronally positioned and sutured. The gingival recessions were decreased fot both of the cases at the end of 12 weeks. The clinical periodontal parameters and mobility were improved, the keratinized gingival tissues were observed clearly. A small amount of gingival tissue that had been obtained during gingivoplasty after 3 months, was kept for histological analysis. The vascularized fat tissue was seen at the first histological sample. Type 1 collagen fibers and fibroblasts with epithelization and papilla formation in epithelium, was observed at the second sample. The BFP may provide root covarage for the treatment of gingival recessions at maxillary molars and premolars by positive affecting the gingival health. The prospective, controlled clinic trials are needed at this area.