Superhydrophobic PDMS coated 304 stainless-steel mesh for the removal of HDPE microplastics

• Published in: Progress in organic coatings 2022-09, Vol.170, p.107009, Article 107009
• Main Authors: Rius-Ayra, O., Biserova-Tahchieva, A., Sansa-López, V., Llorca-Isern, N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abrasion; Chemical composition; Chemical etching; Field emission microscopy; High density polyethylenes; Hydrophobic surfaces; Hydrophobicity; Microplastics; Oil/water separation; PDMS; Photoelectrons; Plastic pollution; Pollutants; Stainless steels; Superhydrophobic; Superoleophilic; Surface properties; Wetting; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
• ISSN: 0300-9440; 1873-331X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2022.107009

The use of microplastics is a global issue that affects the environment, the economy and human health. Here we describe a superhydrophobic 304 stainless steel obtained by combining chemical etching and PDMS modification. Among other techniques, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HR-XPS) were used to identify the hierarchical structure as well as the chemical composition of the surface. The stainless-steel mesh was superhydrophobic (159°) and superoleophilic (0°). The coating presented high stability against abrasion of SiC abrasive paper as well as in the presence of different pH values in acidic or alkaline conditions. In addition, taking advantage of the coating's wetting properties, we show that the superhydrophobic surface can also be used to remove high-density polyethylene microplastics from water. A surface mechanism promoting the removal or microplastics is also proposed, considering the surface properties of the solid pollutants as well as the wetting properties of the superhydrophobic coating. •Chemical etching followed by PDMS coating led to superhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity.•The superhydrophobic 304 stainless steel mesh capture microplastics.•Microplastics separation can be explained from a colloid point of view.•Hydrogen bond interactions also allow HDPE-MP removal.