Visible spectrophotometric method for quantitative estimation of atenolol drug using cerium (III and IV)

• Main Authors: Saleem, Basima A. A., Yonus, Afyaa M., Shekho, Najih H.
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Subjects: Absorptivity; Cerium; Chemical reduction; Methods; Oxidation; Oxidizing agents; Pharmaceuticals; Reagents; Redox reactions; Spectrophotometry
• ISSN: 0094-243X; 1551-7616
• DOI: 10.1063/5.0107688

Due to the medical importance of atenolol, indirect visible spectrophotometric methods have been proposed for the determination of atenolol in its pure form and in its pharmaceutical preparations. The proposed methods are based on an oxidation-reduction reaction, between atenolol and cerium as an oxidant agent, in the first method an excess amount of cerium (IV) ions was reacting with Atenolol in acidic medium, then, the remaining cerium (IV) ions was reacted with the reagent bromopyrogallol red to form a red, water-soluble and stable complex, measured at the selected wavelength of 496 nm. In the second method, atenolol reacts in an acidic medium with the cerium tetra ion releasing the cerium ternary ion, which in turn reacts with the xylenol orange reagent to form a stable wine-red complex soluble in water, and its highest absorption is measured at the wavelength 583 nm. The linearity of the method followed Beer's law within the concentration range 2-40 and 2-28 µg.ml-1 for method A and B respectively, while the molar absorptivity were 1.19×104 and 4.66×104 L.mol-1.cm-1, Sandall's sensitivity 0.02238 and 0.0057 µg.cm-2 for methods A and B respectively. The present methods have been successfully applied for the determination of atenolol in its pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations.