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Holocene Paleoenvironmental Evolution of a Semi-Enclosed Shallow Aegean Basin: A Combination of Seismic Stratigraphy and Sediment Core Proxies

The island of Astypalea (Greece), known for its rich and pristine archeological sites, encompasses a semi-enclosed silled basin that has been very susceptible to global sea levels and regional climate changes due to its relatively modern shallow sill of 4.7 m water deep that connects the Vathy bay w...

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Published in:Water (Basel) 2022-11, Vol.14 (22), p.3688
Main Authors: Noti, Alexandra, Lourens, Lucas J., Geraga, Maria, Wesselingh, Frank P., Haghipour, Negar, Georgiou, Nikos, Christodoulou, Dimitris, Sergiou, Spyros, Dimas, Xenophon, Vlachopoulos, Andreas G., Papatheodorou, George
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creator Noti, Alexandra
Lourens, Lucas J.
Geraga, Maria
Wesselingh, Frank P.
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Christodoulou, Dimitris
Sergiou, Spyros
Dimas, Xenophon
Vlachopoulos, Andreas G.
Papatheodorou, George
description The island of Astypalea (Greece), known for its rich and pristine archeological sites, encompasses a semi-enclosed silled basin that has been very susceptible to global sea levels and regional climate changes due to its relatively modern shallow sill of 4.7 m water deep that connects the Vathy bay with the adjacent Aegean Sea. To identify the causal relationship between regional climate, sea-level trajectories, and environmental change and their potential impact on hominine habitats on the island, we investigated a high-resolution seismic profile together with sediment, stable isotope, geochemical, and biotic proxies retrieved from a marine sediment core (ASTC1). Our results show that the basin was once isolated, and a marine inundation occurred at around 7.3 ka BP, which is older than expected, based on global sea level reconstructions. The entire transition from isolation to full marine conditions was accomplished in three major phases: (1) non-marine isolated conditions between 9–7.3 ka BP, (2) semi-isolated hypersaline marsh and lagoonal conditions between 7.3 and 4.1 ka BP, and (3) semi-isolated shallow marine conditions of today (4.1 ka BP to present). High water alkalinity, elevated organic content, and heavier isotopic signals indicate relatively arid conditions in the region that favored Sr-rich carbonate precipitation within the 7.3–6 ka BP interval. On the other hand, freshwater biota, along with a high Corg/N ratio and lighter isotopic signal, showed wetter conditions, at least for the intervals 8–7.3 ka and 6–5.4 ka BP, in contrast to the aridification trend seen as 4.1 ka to present. Finally, the hominine habitat evolution at around 6 ka BP might be attributed to the wetter conditions and the freshwater source provided by the bay at that time.
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High water alkalinity, elevated organic content, and heavier isotopic signals indicate relatively arid conditions in the region that favored Sr-rich carbonate precipitation within the 7.3–6 ka BP interval. On the other hand, freshwater biota, along with a high Corg/N ratio and lighter isotopic signal, showed wetter conditions, at least for the intervals 8–7.3 ka and 6–5.4 ka BP, in contrast to the aridification trend seen as 4.1 ka to present. 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subjects Alkalinity
Archaeological sites
Archives & records
Basins
Basins (Geology)
Biota
Carbon
Climate change
Composition
Environmental aspects
Environmental changes
Geochemistry
Geology, Stratigraphic
Grain size
Holocene
Marine sediments
Natural history
Neolithic
Sea level
Sediments
Seismic analysis
Seismic surveys
Stable isotopes
Stratigraphy
Testing
Topography
title Holocene Paleoenvironmental Evolution of a Semi-Enclosed Shallow Aegean Basin: A Combination of Seismic Stratigraphy and Sediment Core Proxies
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