Enzymology on an Electrode and in a Nanopore: Analysis Algorithms, Enzyme Kinetics, and Perspectives

• Published in: BioNanoScience 2022-12, Vol.12 (4), p.1341-1355
• Main Authors: Shumyantseva, V. V., Kuzikov, A. V., Masamrekh, R. A., Filippova, T. A., Koroleva, P. I., Agafonova, L. E., Bulko, T. V., Archakov, A. I.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Biological and Medical Physics; Biological effects; Biomaterials; Biophysics; Catalysts; Catalytic activity; Circuits and Systems; Comparative analysis; Cytochrome P450; Cytochromes P450; Electrochemical analysis; Electrodes; Engineering; Enzyme kinetics; Enzymes; Enzymology; Format; Indium tin oxides; Metabolites; Nanotechnology; Parameters; Sensors; Substrates; Three dimensional models; Two dimensional analysis
• ISSN: 2191-1630; 2191-1649
• DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-01037-2

  Enzymes are powerful and effective biological catalysts demanded in various areas of human activity, especially in medicinal area and as modem diagnostic tools. Enzymes-based electrode sensors (2D format) and nanopore sensors (3D format) represent modern, high-tech areas of bionanotechnology and bionanoscience. A comparative analysis of the catalytic activity of enzymes on flat electrode as a 2D sensor, on an electrode functionalized with a nanoporous material based on indium tin oxide as a transition from 2 to 3D model, and in a biological nanopore as a 3D sensor was carried out. Analysis of electrochemical properties of substrate or product/metabolite for the assessment of catalytic activity of enzymes was described. Comparative kinetic parameters of enzymes immobilized on an electrode and in a nanopore as sensors are given. The authors present the prospects of both electrochemical studies of enzymes using electrode sensor and studies of enzymes or substrates confined in a nanopore sensor. Highlights Enzyme-based electrodes (2D format) for analysis of ensemble of proteins were discussed. A novel method was developed for analysis of cytochrome P450 confined in nanopores on electrode. Nanopore sensors as 3D systems for analysis of single molecule catalytic activity were analyzed. Comparative kinetic parameters of enzyme systems on an electrode and in a nanopore were augmented.