Characterization of β-Tubulin Genes in Prunus persica and Prunus dulcis for Fingerprinting of their Interspecific Hybrids

• Published in: Cytology and genetics 2022-12, Vol.56 (6), p.481-493
• Main Authors: Lykholat, Y. V., Rabokon, A. M., Blume, R. Ya, Khromykh, N. O., Didur, O. O., Sakharova, V. H., Kabar, A. M., Pirko, Ya. V., Blume, Ya. B.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Arabidopsis lyrata; Arabidopsis thaliana; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Crops; DNA fingerprinting; Fruit cultivation; Gene polymorphism; Genomes; Genotyping; Human Genetics; Hybrids; Interspecific hybridization; Isotypes; Phylogeny; Plant breeding; Prunus dulcis; Prunus persica; Pseudogenes; Synteny; Tubulin
• ISSN: 0095-4527; 1934-9440
• DOI: 10.3103/S009545272206007X

Peach is one of the most important fruit crops, and its cultivation occupies the third largest area among all fruit crops grown in the temperate climate zone. Cultivation of this crop under less favorable climate conditions would require the creation of new resistant genotypes via intra- or interspecific hybridization, including crossing with almond. Efficient breeding of hybrids and their long-term selection will require a rapid and accurate method of DNA barcoding that would be able to distinguish closely related genotypes or to detect interspecific hybrids. One such approach is TBP-analysis, which is based on the evaluation of intron length polymorphism of β-tubulin genes. However, the correct interpretation of the results of such analysis should be based on data on the diversity of the β-tubulin gene panel in the genomes of the analyzed species. Thus, here we report on the successful whole-genome identification and on comprehensive analysis of the phylogeny and synteny of the β-tubulin genes of P. persica and P. dulcis , and the possibility is demonstrated to use such data of the genomic search for interpretation of data of TBP genotyping of intra- and interspecific hybrids of peach and almond species. In general, 11 β-tubulin genes were identified within the P. persica genome and 10 genes in the P. dulcis genome accounting for pseudogenes. Additionally, phylogenetic and synteny analyzes of the identified genes made it possible to identify the orthologues in the genomes of A. thaliana and A. lyrata as well as to designate identified β-tubulins to specific isotypes. Genotyping via the TBP-method allowed obtaining distinct molecular profiles for 11 investigated accessions, among which eight were intra- or interspecific hybrids. Based on the obtained results of genotyping, a cluster analysis was carried out, the results of which correlated well with the breeding history of the analyzed genotypes, which additionally confirmed the effectiveness and accuracy of the genotyping approach used.