Phase transformation of FeCr2O4 to (Fe,Cr)2O3 solid solution pigment powders: Effect of post‐heating temperature

• Published in: International journal of applied ceramic technology 2023-01, Vol.20 (1), p.281-293
• Main Authors: Paborji, Fatemeh, Shafiee Afarani, Mahdi, Arabi, Amir Masoud, Ghahari, Mehdi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: chromatic properties; Chromite; Chromium; Citric acid; Color; Diffraction patterns; Electron micrographs; Ethylene glycol; Fourier transforms; Glycine; Heating; Infrared analysis; Iron; iron chromite; Molecular structure; Oxidation; phase transformation; Phase transitions; Pigments; Postheating; Solid solutions; Synthesis; Temperature; Tiles
• ISSN: 1546-542X; 1744-7402
• DOI: 10.1111/ijac.14189

Iron chromite powders were synthesized via solution combustion route using iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate and chromium(III) nitrate nonahydrate as starting materials, as well as glycine–urea, glycine–citric acid, and glycine–ethylene glycol mixtures as fuels. The effect of postheating at different temperatures on the structure, molecular, microstructure, and chromatic properties of powders and tiles colored by in‐glaze powders was studied. The X‐ray diffraction patterns showed that as‐synthesized powders were obtained in crystalline FeCr2O4 phases moreover, postheating of the powders led to d‐space shift and oxidation and formation of (Fe,Cr)2O3 solid solution phase regardless of fuel type. Phase transformation of FeCr2O4 to (Fe,Cr)2O3 solid solution was observed at 500/750°C depending on the dominant phase of as‐synthesized particles. Fourier transform infrared analysis illustrated that the band positions of octahedral M–O and tetrahedral M–O bonds were shifted due to Fe cations movement from their position and lattice shrinkage by increasing of post‐heating temperature. Moreover, scanning electron micrographs showed that Fe0.7Cr1.3O3 semispherical fine particles were formed from porous spongy FeCr2O4 particles due to oxidation and phase transformation during the postheating. Furthermore, chromatic properties of the samples were represented. The color properties of the pigments showed that the formation of brown pigments is provided with the phase transformation from FeCr2O4 to (Fe,Cr)2O3 at a temperature of up to 750°C. Moreover, increasing the color purity to this temperature is related to the removal of residual carbonaceous matters. The chromatic properties of the glazed tiles colored using the pigments showed that postheating between 250 and 500°C led to more brown appearance.