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Microplastics persist in an arable soil but do not affect soil microbial biomass, enzyme activities, and crop yield
Background Microplastics (MP, plastic particles
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| Published in: | Journal of plant nutrition and soil science 2022-12, Vol.185 (6), p.836-849 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3572-bbe1fb1f9e05f469ac41138af898cfdd212ce66b09b0955800d8b1ab3eb436773 |
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| container_issue | 6 |
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| container_title | Journal of plant nutrition and soil science |
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| creator | Schöpfer, Lion Möller, Julia N. Steiner, Thomas Schnepf, Uwe Marhan, Sven Resch, Julia Bayha, Ansilla Löder, Martin G. J. Freitag, Ruth Brümmer, Franz Laforsch, Christian Streck, Thilo Forberger, Jens Kranert, Martin Kandeler, Ellen Pagel, Holger |
| description | Background
Microplastics (MP, plastic particles |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/jpln.202200062 |
| format | article |
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Microplastics (MP, plastic particles <5 mm) are ubiquitous in arable soils due to significant inputs via organic fertilizers, sewage sludges, and plastic mulches. However, knowledge of typical MP loadings, their fate, and ecological impacts on arable soils is limited.
Aims
We studied (1) MP background concentrations, (2) the fate of added conventional and biodegradable MP, and (3) effects of MP in combination with organic fertilizers on microbial abundance and activity associated with carbon (C) cycling, and crop yields in an arable soil.
Methods
On a conventionally managed soil (Luvisol, silt loam), we arranged plots in a randomized complete block design with the following MP treatments (none, low‐density polyethylene [LDPE], a blend of poly(lactic acid) and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) [PLA/PBAT]) and organic fertilizers (none, compost, digestate). We added 20 kg MP ha–1 and 10 t organic fertilizers ha–1. We measured concentrations of MP in the soil, microbiological indicators of C cycling (microbial biomass and enzyme activities), and crop yields over 1.5 years.
Results
Background concentration of MP in the top 10 cm was 296 ± 110 (mean ± standard error) particles <0.5 mm per kg soil, with polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene as the main polymers. Added LDPE and PLA/PBAT particles showed no changes in number and particle size over time. MP did not affect the soil microbiological indicators of C cycling or crop yields.
Conclusions
Numerous MP occur in arable soils, suggesting diffuse MP entry into soils. In addition to conventional MP, biodegradable MP may persist under field conditions. However, MP at current concentrations are not expected to affect C turnover and crop yield.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1436-8730</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-2624</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jpln.202200062</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Weinheim: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Agricultural production ; Arable land ; Biodegradability ; Biodegradation ; Biomass ; Carbon cycle ; Composts ; Crop yield ; Crops ; Cycles ; Enzymatic activity ; Enzymes ; Fertilizers ; field experiment ; Indicators ; LDPE ; Low density polyethylenes ; microbial biomass ; Microorganisms ; Microplastics ; Mulches ; Organic fertilizers ; PLA/PBAT ; Plastic pollution ; plastics contamination ; Polyethylene ; Polylactic acid ; Polymers ; Polypropylene ; Polystyrene ; Polystyrene resins ; Sewage ; Silt loam ; Sludge ; soil enzyme activity ; Soil management ; Soils ; Standard error</subject><ispartof>Journal of plant nutrition and soil science, 2022-12, Vol.185 (6), p.836-849</ispartof><rights>2022 The Authors. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH</rights><rights>2022. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3572-bbe1fb1f9e05f469ac41138af898cfdd212ce66b09b0955800d8b1ab3eb436773</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3572-bbe1fb1f9e05f469ac41138af898cfdd212ce66b09b0955800d8b1ab3eb436773</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Schöpfer, Lion</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Möller, Julia N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steiner, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schnepf, Uwe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marhan, Sven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Resch, Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bayha, Ansilla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Löder, Martin G. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Freitag, Ruth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brümmer, Franz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laforsch, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Streck, Thilo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forberger, Jens</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kranert, Martin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kandeler, Ellen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pagel, Holger</creatorcontrib><title>Microplastics persist in an arable soil but do not affect soil microbial biomass, enzyme activities, and crop yield</title><title>Journal of plant nutrition and soil science</title><description>Background
Microplastics (MP, plastic particles <5 mm) are ubiquitous in arable soils due to significant inputs via organic fertilizers, sewage sludges, and plastic mulches. However, knowledge of typical MP loadings, their fate, and ecological impacts on arable soils is limited.
Aims
We studied (1) MP background concentrations, (2) the fate of added conventional and biodegradable MP, and (3) effects of MP in combination with organic fertilizers on microbial abundance and activity associated with carbon (C) cycling, and crop yields in an arable soil.
Methods
On a conventionally managed soil (Luvisol, silt loam), we arranged plots in a randomized complete block design with the following MP treatments (none, low‐density polyethylene [LDPE], a blend of poly(lactic acid) and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) [PLA/PBAT]) and organic fertilizers (none, compost, digestate). We added 20 kg MP ha–1 and 10 t organic fertilizers ha–1. We measured concentrations of MP in the soil, microbiological indicators of C cycling (microbial biomass and enzyme activities), and crop yields over 1.5 years.
Results
Background concentration of MP in the top 10 cm was 296 ± 110 (mean ± standard error) particles <0.5 mm per kg soil, with polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene as the main polymers. Added LDPE and PLA/PBAT particles showed no changes in number and particle size over time. MP did not affect the soil microbiological indicators of C cycling or crop yields.
Conclusions
Numerous MP occur in arable soils, suggesting diffuse MP entry into soils. In addition to conventional MP, biodegradable MP may persist under field conditions. However, MP at current concentrations are not expected to affect C turnover and crop yield.</description><subject>Agricultural production</subject><subject>Arable land</subject><subject>Biodegradability</subject><subject>Biodegradation</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Carbon cycle</subject><subject>Composts</subject><subject>Crop yield</subject><subject>Crops</subject><subject>Cycles</subject><subject>Enzymatic activity</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>field experiment</subject><subject>Indicators</subject><subject>LDPE</subject><subject>Low density polyethylenes</subject><subject>microbial biomass</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Microplastics</subject><subject>Mulches</subject><subject>Organic fertilizers</subject><subject>PLA/PBAT</subject><subject>Plastic pollution</subject><subject>plastics contamination</subject><subject>Polyethylene</subject><subject>Polylactic acid</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Polypropylene</subject><subject>Polystyrene</subject><subject>Polystyrene resins</subject><subject>Sewage</subject><subject>Silt loam</subject><subject>Sludge</subject><subject>soil enzyme activity</subject><subject>Soil management</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Standard error</subject><issn>1436-8730</issn><issn>1522-2624</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkElLBDEQhYMoOI5ePQe82mNSvaWPMuiojMtBzyFJJ5ChN5OM0v5607ToUSioovheLQ-hc0pWlBC42g1NtwICQAgp4AAtaA6QQAHZYayztEhYmZJjdOL9LiIZrWCB_KNVrh8a4YNVHg_aeesDth0WMZyQjca-tw2W-4DrHnd9wMIYrcLcbie5tCICtm-F95dYd19jq7FQwX7YYHVsia7G0xo8Wt3Up-jIiMbrs5-8RG-3N6_ru2T7vLlfX28TleYlJFJqaiQ1lSa5yYpKqIzSlAnDKqZMXQMFpYtCkipGnjNCaiapkKmW8dmyTJfoYp47uP59r33gu37vuriSQ5kxmleUQaRWMxUP9N5pwwdnW-FGTgmfjOWTsfzX2CioZsGnbfT4D80fXrZPf9pvA4B-Hw</recordid><startdate>202212</startdate><enddate>202212</enddate><creator>Schöpfer, Lion</creator><creator>Möller, Julia N.</creator><creator>Steiner, Thomas</creator><creator>Schnepf, Uwe</creator><creator>Marhan, Sven</creator><creator>Resch, Julia</creator><creator>Bayha, Ansilla</creator><creator>Löder, Martin G. J.</creator><creator>Freitag, Ruth</creator><creator>Brümmer, Franz</creator><creator>Laforsch, Christian</creator><creator>Streck, Thilo</creator><creator>Forberger, Jens</creator><creator>Kranert, Martin</creator><creator>Kandeler, Ellen</creator><creator>Pagel, Holger</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202212</creationdate><title>Microplastics persist in an arable soil but do not affect soil microbial biomass, enzyme activities, and crop yield</title><author>Schöpfer, Lion ; Möller, Julia N. ; Steiner, Thomas ; Schnepf, Uwe ; Marhan, Sven ; Resch, Julia ; Bayha, Ansilla ; Löder, Martin G. J. ; Freitag, Ruth ; Brümmer, Franz ; Laforsch, Christian ; Streck, Thilo ; Forberger, Jens ; Kranert, Martin ; Kandeler, Ellen ; Pagel, Holger</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3572-bbe1fb1f9e05f469ac41138af898cfdd212ce66b09b0955800d8b1ab3eb436773</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Agricultural production</topic><topic>Arable land</topic><topic>Biodegradability</topic><topic>Biodegradation</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Carbon cycle</topic><topic>Composts</topic><topic>Crop yield</topic><topic>Crops</topic><topic>Cycles</topic><topic>Enzymatic activity</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>field experiment</topic><topic>Indicators</topic><topic>LDPE</topic><topic>Low density polyethylenes</topic><topic>microbial biomass</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Microplastics</topic><topic>Mulches</topic><topic>Organic fertilizers</topic><topic>PLA/PBAT</topic><topic>Plastic pollution</topic><topic>plastics contamination</topic><topic>Polyethylene</topic><topic>Polylactic acid</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Polypropylene</topic><topic>Polystyrene</topic><topic>Polystyrene resins</topic><topic>Sewage</topic><topic>Silt loam</topic><topic>Sludge</topic><topic>soil enzyme activity</topic><topic>Soil management</topic><topic>Soils</topic><topic>Standard error</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Schöpfer, Lion</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Möller, Julia N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steiner, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schnepf, Uwe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marhan, Sven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Resch, Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bayha, Ansilla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Löder, Martin G. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Freitag, Ruth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brümmer, Franz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laforsch, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Streck, Thilo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forberger, Jens</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kranert, Martin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kandeler, Ellen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pagel, Holger</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</collection><collection>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of plant nutrition and soil science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Schöpfer, Lion</au><au>Möller, Julia N.</au><au>Steiner, Thomas</au><au>Schnepf, Uwe</au><au>Marhan, Sven</au><au>Resch, Julia</au><au>Bayha, Ansilla</au><au>Löder, Martin G. J.</au><au>Freitag, Ruth</au><au>Brümmer, Franz</au><au>Laforsch, Christian</au><au>Streck, Thilo</au><au>Forberger, Jens</au><au>Kranert, Martin</au><au>Kandeler, Ellen</au><au>Pagel, Holger</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Microplastics persist in an arable soil but do not affect soil microbial biomass, enzyme activities, and crop yield</atitle><jtitle>Journal of plant nutrition and soil science</jtitle><date>2022-12</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>185</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>836</spage><epage>849</epage><pages>836-849</pages><issn>1436-8730</issn><eissn>1522-2624</eissn><abstract>Background
Microplastics (MP, plastic particles <5 mm) are ubiquitous in arable soils due to significant inputs via organic fertilizers, sewage sludges, and plastic mulches. However, knowledge of typical MP loadings, their fate, and ecological impacts on arable soils is limited.
Aims
We studied (1) MP background concentrations, (2) the fate of added conventional and biodegradable MP, and (3) effects of MP in combination with organic fertilizers on microbial abundance and activity associated with carbon (C) cycling, and crop yields in an arable soil.
Methods
On a conventionally managed soil (Luvisol, silt loam), we arranged plots in a randomized complete block design with the following MP treatments (none, low‐density polyethylene [LDPE], a blend of poly(lactic acid) and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) [PLA/PBAT]) and organic fertilizers (none, compost, digestate). We added 20 kg MP ha–1 and 10 t organic fertilizers ha–1. We measured concentrations of MP in the soil, microbiological indicators of C cycling (microbial biomass and enzyme activities), and crop yields over 1.5 years.
Results
Background concentration of MP in the top 10 cm was 296 ± 110 (mean ± standard error) particles <0.5 mm per kg soil, with polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene as the main polymers. Added LDPE and PLA/PBAT particles showed no changes in number and particle size over time. MP did not affect the soil microbiological indicators of C cycling or crop yields.
Conclusions
Numerous MP occur in arable soils, suggesting diffuse MP entry into soils. In addition to conventional MP, biodegradable MP may persist under field conditions. However, MP at current concentrations are not expected to affect C turnover and crop yield.</abstract><cop>Weinheim</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1002/jpln.202200062</doi><tpages>14</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1436-8730 |
| ispartof | Journal of plant nutrition and soil science, 2022-12, Vol.185 (6), p.836-849 |
| issn | 1436-8730 1522-2624 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Wiley:Jisc Collections:Wiley Read and Publish Open Access 2024-2025 (reading list) |
| subjects | Agricultural production Arable land Biodegradability Biodegradation Biomass Carbon cycle Composts Crop yield Crops Cycles Enzymatic activity Enzymes Fertilizers field experiment Indicators LDPE Low density polyethylenes microbial biomass Microorganisms Microplastics Mulches Organic fertilizers PLA/PBAT Plastic pollution plastics contamination Polyethylene Polylactic acid Polymers Polypropylene Polystyrene Polystyrene resins Sewage Silt loam Sludge soil enzyme activity Soil management Soils Standard error |
| title | Microplastics persist in an arable soil but do not affect soil microbial biomass, enzyme activities, and crop yield |
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