Experimental and numerical investigation of a micro-ORC system for heat recovery from data centers

In the effort to enhance the recovery of waste energy, data centers are drawing attention because of the huge amount of heat discharged from the computer racks. Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power systems are a viable solution to exploit servers’ waste heat, as it is available at very low temperatures...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of physics. Conference series 2022-12, Vol.2385 (1), p.12122
Main Authors: Ancona, M A, Bianchi, M, Branchini, L, Pascale, A De, Melino, F, Ottaviano, S, Peretto, A, Poletto, C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Boundary conditions
Computer centers
Cooling systems
Data centers
Data recovery
Energy conservation
Flow velocity
Heat
Heat recovery
Low temperature
Parametric analysis
Physics
Racks
Rankine cycle
Steady state models
Working fluids
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Summary:In the effort to enhance the recovery of waste energy, data centers are drawing attention because of the huge amount of heat discharged from the computer racks. Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power systems are a viable solution to exploit servers’ waste heat, as it is available at very low temperatures. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of integrating a micro-ORC system into data centers cooling systems and its potential energy saving. An experimental analysis is carried out on a kW-scale ORC test bench, with R134a as working fluid. Heat is supplied at temperatures and flow rates in the range respectively 40-55 °C and 1.8-5 m 3 /h, consistently with typical values observed in data centers application, showing the second law efficiency varying between 5% and 13%. Furthermore, a steady-state model of the micro-ORC has been recalibrated and validated against experimental data; the built-in volume ratio of the reciprocating piston expander has been optimized to improve the filling performance of the machine. A parametric analysis, varying the boundary conditions within their range of interest for this application, and the working fluid (R1234yf and R1234ze(E)), shows that a maximum second law efficiency of 30% is achievable with R1234ze(E).
ISSN:1742-6588
1742-6596
DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/2385/1/012122