Multifunctional Hollow MnO2@Porphyrin@Bromelain Nanoplatform for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy

• Published in: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Germany), 2022-12, Vol.18 (52), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Zhu, Xiaohui, Wang, Min, Wang, Haihui, Ding, Yihang, Liu, Yongfei, Fu, Zhangcheng, Lin, Danying, Lu, Chunhua, Tu, Xiankun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accumulation; bromelain; Cancer; chemodynamic therapy; Glutathione; Hydrogen peroxide; Hydroxyl radicals; Hypoxia; Magnetic resonance imaging; Manganese dioxide; MnO 2; Multilayers; Nanotechnology; Photodynamic therapy; Porphyrins; Singlet oxygen; Tumors
• ISSN: 1613-6810; 1613-6829
• DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204951

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been showing great potential in cancer treatment. However, the efficacy of PDT is always limited by the intrinsic hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) and the low accumulation efficiency of photosensitizers in tumors. To address the issue, a multifunctional hollow multilayer nanoplatform (H‐MnO2@TPyP@Bro) comprising manganese dioxide, porphyrin (TPyP) and bromelain (Bro), is developed for enhanced photodynamic therapy. MnO2 catalyzes the intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce oxygen (O2), reversing the hypoxic TME in vivo. The generated O2 is converted into singlet oxygen (1O2) by the TPyP shell under near‐infrared light, which can inhibit tumor proliferation. Meanwhile, the Bro can digest collagen in the extracellular matrix around the tumor, and can promote the accumulation of H‐MnO2@TPyP@Bro in the deeper tumor tissue, further improving the therapeutic effect of PDT. In addition, MnO2 can react with the overexpressed glutathione in TME to release Mn2+. Consequently, Mn2+ not only induces chemo‐dynamic therapy based on Fenton reaction by converting H2O2 into hydroxyl radicals, but also activates the Mn2+‐based magnetic resonance imaging. Therefore, the developed H‐MnO2@TPyP@Bro nanoplatform can effectively modulate the unfavorable TME and overcome the limitations of conventional PDT for cancer diagnostic and therapeutic. A multifunctional hollow photodynamic therapy nanoplatform (H‐MnO2@TPyP@Bro) comprising MnO2, porphyrin (TPyP), and bromelain (Bro) is developed. The Bro can digest collagen in the extracellular matrix and promote the accumulation of H‐MnO2@TPyP@Bro in deeper tumor tissue. In tumor microenvironment, MnO2 can catalyze H2O2 to produce O2 which further converted into 1O2 by TPyP to induce cell apoptosis under light irradiation.