Potential Phytoremediation of Aquatic Macrophyte Species for Heavy Metals in Urban Environments in the Southern Area of Brazil

This research investigated four different species of aquatic macrophytes with natural occurrence in an urban environment highly anthropized in Southern Brazil. The aim of the research was to compare the phytoremediation potential among the species E. anagallis, H. grumosa, H. ranunculoides, and S. m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sustainability 2023-01, Vol.15 (1), p.419
Main Authors: Demarco, Carolina Faccio, Afonso, Thays França, Pieniz, Simone, Selau, Filipe Carlos, Machado, Fernando Machado, Andreazza, Robson
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic plants
Bioaccumulation
Biological magnification
Biomass
Bioremediation
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Correlation analysis
Environment
Flowers & plants
Gene expression
Heavy metals
Industrial development
Laboratories
Lead
Macrophytes
Metals
Metropolitan areas
Phytoremediation
Pollutants
Sagittaria montevidensis
Sustainability
Urban areas
Urban environments
Urbanization
Zinc
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Summary:This research investigated four different species of aquatic macrophytes with natural occurrence in an urban environment highly anthropized in Southern Brazil. The aim of the research was to compare the phytoremediation potential among the species E. anagallis, H. grumosa, H. ranunculoides, and S. montevidensis through Pearson´s correlation analysis and cluster analysis, using the heavy metal content identified through HNO3 - HClO4 and phytoremediation indexes. The results highlighted the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of H. ranunculoides, with outstanding results for Cu BCF = 667.09, Zn BCF = 149.93, Cd BCF = 26.85, Cr BCF = 31.77, Ni BCF = 35.47, and Pb BCF= 126.29. Additionally, H. grumosa and S. montevidensis were also highlighted, considering the potential phytoremoval (g ha−1). Therefore, this study demonstrates the tolerance and potential for removal of heavy metals Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Zn by the evaluated aquatic macrophyte species and elucidates the outstanding potential of application in phytoremediation purposes.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su15010419