An experimental design for facial and color emotion expression of a social robot

• Published in: The Journal of supercomputing 2023-02, Vol.79 (2), p.1980-2009
• Main Authors: Lin, Pei-Chun, Hung, Patrick C. K., Jiang, Ying, Velasco, Carolina Padilla, Martínez Cano, Marco Antonio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Color; Compilers; Computer Science; Design of experiments; Emotions; Histograms; Interpreters; Processor Architectures; Programming Languages; Questionnaires; Regression analysis; Robots
• ISSN: 0920-8542; 1573-0484
• DOI: 10.1007/s11227-022-04734-7

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between emotions and colors by showing robot animated emotion faces and colors to the participants through a series of surveys. We focused on representing a visualized emotion through a robot's facial expression and background colors. To complete the emotion design with animated faces and color background, we gave an experimental design for surveying the users' thoughts. We took an example of a robot animated face by using the ASUS Zenbo. We selected 11 colors as our color background and 24 facial expressions from Zenbo. To analyze our results from questionnaires, we used histograms to show the basic data situation and the multiple logistic regression analysis (MLRA) to see the marginal relationships. We separated our questionnaires into positive and negative questionnaires and divided the dataset into three cases to discuss the different relationships between color and emotion. Results showed that people preferred the blue color no matter whether the face was showing positive or negative emotion. The MLRA also showed the correct percentage is outstanding in case 2, either positive emotion or negative emotion. Participants thought Zenbo's robotic animated face was the same as they thought. Through our experimental design, we hope that people can consider more colors with emotion to design the human–robot interface that will be closer to the users' thoughts and make life more colorful with comfortable reactions with robots.