Tectonic evolution of the Triassic Songpan‐Ganzi basin as constrained by a synthesis of multi‐proxy provenance data

The triangular Songpan‐Ganzi flysch terrane exposes a Triassic turbidite sequence with an average thickness of ca. 8 km. The sediments may have been accumulated in a remnant Paleo‐Tethyan ocean bounded by the converging North China, South China, and the Qiangtang terrane from three sides, or a back‐...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Basin research 2023-02, Vol.35 (1), p.28-60
Main Authors: Tang, Yan, Yin, An, Xu, Xi, An, Kaixuan, Zhang, Yunpeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Basements
Basins
Convergence
Flysch
Mineral assemblages
Ocean basins
Ocean models
Palaeocurrents
Petrography
Petrology
Sandstone
Sedimentary rocks
Sediments
Tectonics
Triassic
Turbidites
Zircon
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Summary:The triangular Songpan‐Ganzi flysch terrane exposes a Triassic turbidite sequence with an average thickness of ca. 8 km. The sediments may have been accumulated in a remnant Paleo‐Tethyan ocean bounded by the converging North China, South China, and the Qiangtang terrane from three sides, or a back‐arc basin with an oceanic basement created during the Triassic closure of the Paleo‐Tethyan ocean. To differentiate the two competing models, we systematically reviewed the available provenance data that include U–Pb detrital zircon ages at the basin scale, paleocurrent directions, sandstone petrography, and heavy‐mineral assemblages from the Triassic Songpan‐Ganzi basin samples. We use the Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests to differentiate competing hypotheses for detrital‐zircon provenance interpretations and DZmix modelling to quantify relative contributions of detrital zircon from all potential source areas for the Triassic Songpan‐Ganzi deposits. The most important result of this work is that the Songpan‐Ganzi basin had a stable and locally derived source system: the western, central and eastern sub‐basins were mainly sourced from the north whereas the easternmost and southeastern sub‐basins were mainly sourced from westernmost South China (i.e., the Longmen Shan area) and the Qiangtang terrane. The stability of the source areas around the Songpan‐Ganzi basin throughout the Triassic is most compatible with the remnant ocean model that predicts a long‐lived marine basin with a pre‐Triassic oceanic/continental basement trapped between converging continental blocks during the Triassic. DZmix modelling of the Songpan‐Ganzi detrital‐zircon age data supports the remnant ocean model.
ISSN:0950-091X
1365-2117
DOI:10.1111/bre.12703