Hydrothermal Indices for Interphase Periods and Yields of Barley Varieties in Different Ripening Groups

• Published in: Russian agricultural sciences 2022, Vol.48 (6), p.440-445
• Main Authors: Blokhin, V. I., Nikiforova, I. Y., Ganieva, I. S., Nizamov, R. M., Malafeeva, Yu. V.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agriculture; Air temperature; Barley; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Climatic conditions; Coefficients; Crop yield; Environmental conditions; Genotypes; Grain; Growing season; Interphase; Life Sciences; Moisture availability; Moisture effects; Plant Biochemistry; Plant Growing; Plant Protection and Biotechnology; Ripening; Spring; Spring (season); Surveys
• ISSN: 1068-3674; 1934-8037
• DOI: 10.3103/S1068367422060027

The survey was performed to reveal the dependency of spring-barley grain yields on the hydrothermal parameters in the vegetative interphase periods and to measure the response of varieties in different ripening groups to climate conditions as the growing season progressed. The surveys were carried out in the Kama River’s surrounding area, Republic of Tatarstan, in 2015–2021. The experimental plot soil was forest grey medium loam. The path coefficient analyses revealed the key effects of the aggregate sum of active temperatures higher than 10°C, the hydrothermal coefficients in the sprouting-to-branching , tillering-to-booting , booting-to-earing , and sprouting-to-earing interphase periods and the average daily air temperature in the earing-to-full ripeness period on the spring-barley grain yields. Higher variability in grain yields (40.4–45.1%), lower yield potential (56. 5–60.6%), and lower stress tolerance (–4.20…–4.96 t/ha) in late ripening varieties are caused by the highest variability in hydrothermal conditions within the interphase periods of this ripening group’s genotypes. Lower yields of late-ripening varieties in 2015, 2019, 2020, and 2021 are caused by the lower hydrothermal coefficients in the booting-to-earing interphase period (0.79, 0.01, 0.14, and 0.08, respectively) when compared this with the similar indicators for the early- and medium-ripening variety groups. In 2017, environmental conditions favorable to heat and moisture availability contributed to the high grain yields in the Timerkhan, Endan, and Laishevskii late-ripening varieties (5.15, 5.97, and 5.85 t/ha, respectively) when compared to that in the early- and medium-ripening varieties. In order to stabilize the gross grain yields of spring barley under the environmental conditions characterized by unstable moisture, it is reasonable to use the varieties of different ripening groups in the crops.