The effect of magnesium chloride doping on structural, thermal, optical, nonlinear optical and electrical properties of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate single crystal

• Published in: Journal of materials science. Materials in electronics 2023, Vol.34 (3), p.171, Article 171
• Main Authors: Manimekalai, K., Jayaprakash, P., Padmamalini, N., Rama, S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry and Materials Science; Crystal growth; Crystal lattices; Cut off wavelength; Diamond pyramid hardness; Dielectric loss; Differential thermal analysis; Electrical properties; Functional groups; KDP crystals; Lattice parameters; Magnesium chloride; Materials Science; Mathematical analysis; Mechanical properties; Nonlinear optics; Optical and Electronic Materials; Optical properties; Potassium; Potassium phosphates; Room temperature; Single crystals; Spectrum analysis; X ray powder diffraction
• ISSN: 0957-4522; 1573-482X
• DOI: 10.1007/s10854-022-09594-8

Employing the slow evaporation technique with millipore water as a solvent a single crystal of pure potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal (KH 2 PO 4 ) and KH 2 PO 4 doped with magnesium chloride crystal (MCKH 2 PO 4 ) were grown at room temperature. The powder X-ray diffraction studies show peaks of the MCKH 2 PO 4 crystal coordinates well with the pure KH 2 PO 4 with minute alterations to the strength of the diverged peaks. Investigations from single-crystal XRD show that KH 2 PO 4 and MCKH 2 PO 4 belong to tetragonal crystal system and I-42d space group, and their lattice parameters are also assessed. FTIR spectral analysis exhibits the functional group analysis of KH 2 PO 4 and MCKH 2 PO 4 . The optical data such as transmittance and lower cutoff wavelength was investigated using UV–Vis-NIR spectral studies, and it is found to be 381 nm for pure KH 2 PO 4 and 383 nm for MCKH 2 PO 4 . From Tau’s plot, optical band gap is calculated to be 2.83 and 2.95 eV for KH 2 PO 4 and MCKH 2 PO 4 , respectively. The SHG efficiency of KH 2 PO 4 and MCKH 2 PO 4 is measured using Kurtz-Perry powder technique. The calculated efficiency of MCKH 2 PO 4 is found to be 1.02 times more than that of pure KH 2 PO 4 . At higher frequencies and temperatures, grown crystals have lower permittivity and dielectric loss tangent. The mechanical behavior of KH 2 PO 4 and MCKH 2 PO 4 is estimated using Vickers microhardness studies. Thermal analysis and decomposition temperature are determined by TGA and DTA studies. Third-order susceptibility is determined by the Z-scan technique.