Gibberellic Acid Alleviates Cadmium-Induced Seed Germination Inhibition through Modulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism and Antioxidant Capacity in Mung Bean Seedlings

Gibberellins (GA) are the decisive players in seed germination whose functionality could be adversely affected by the presence of cadmium (Cd); however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Eco-toxicological effects of Cd (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 µM) on the early stages of ontogenesis in a mung bea...

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Published in:Sustainability 2023-02, Vol.15 (4), p.3790
Main Authors: Kaur, Harmanjit, Nazir, Faroza, Hussain, Sofi Javed, Kaur, Rupinder, Rajurkar, Ashish B, Kumari, Sarika, Siddiqui, Manzer H, Mahajan, Moksh, Khatoon, Sayeda, Khan, M. Iqbal R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Amylases
Antioxidants
Beans
Biosynthesis
Botanical research
Cadmium
Carbohydrate metabolism
Carbohydrates
Chemical properties
Crops
Embryos
Enzymes
Experiments
Flowers & plants
Genotypes
Germination
Gibberellic acid
Gibberellins
Hazardous materials
Heavy metals
Hydrogen peroxide
Legumes
Metabolism
Metabolites
Mimosaceae
Oxidative stress
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Plant growth
Plant physiology
Seed germination
Seedlings
Seeds
Sorghum
Toxicity
Vigna radiata
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Summary:Gibberellins (GA) are the decisive players in seed germination whose functionality could be adversely affected by the presence of cadmium (Cd); however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Eco-toxicological effects of Cd (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 µM) on the early stages of ontogenesis in a mung bean variety (ML-2056) were investigated. Seed germination characteristics along with Cd-tolerance index were recorded at the seventh day of germination. Additionally, endogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) level, amylase activity, oxidative stress, and the antioxidant defense system were also investigated in Cd-stressed germinating seedlings. Results revealed that Cd reduced seed germination and interfered with GA synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner. Further, to validate the role of GA in Cd-tolerance, experiments were executed to explore the effect of seed priming with GA3 and its biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol (PBZ) on ML-2056 under Cd stress. Application of GA3 improved the activities of amylase and carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, the antioxidant defense system, and sustained lower H2O2 and TBARS contents, whereas PBZ caused a significant reduction in growth and decreased endogenous GA3 content in Cd-stressed ML-2056, suggesting a crucial role of GA synthesis in reversing Cd-induced negative effects. Overall, GA synthesis played a crucial role in mitigating Cd toxicity in mung bean, which might be used as a criterion for developing Cd-stress-tolerant genotypes.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su15043790