Borexino's search for low-energy neutrinos associated with gravitational wave events from GWTC-3 database

• Published in: arXiv.org 2023-06
• Main Authors: Collaboration, BOREXINO, Basilico, D, Bellini, G, Benziger, J, Biondi, R, Caccianiga, B, Calaprice, F, Caminata, A, Chepurnov, A, D' Angelo, D, Derbin, A, A Di Giacinto, V Di Marcello, Ding, X F, A Di Ludovico, L Di Noto, Drachnev, I, Franco, D, Galbiati, C, Ghiano, C, Giammarchi, M, Goretti, A, Gromov, M, Guffanti, D, Ianni, Aldo, Ianni, Andrea, Jany, A, Kobychev, V, Korga, G, Kumaran, S, Laubenstein, M, Litvinovich, E, Lombardi, P, Lomskaya, I, Ludhova, L, Machulin, I, Martyn, J, Meroni, E, Miramonti, L, Misiaszek, M, Muratova, V, Nugmanov, R, Oberauer, L, Orekhov, V, Ortica, F, Pallavicini, M, Pelicci, L, Penek, O, Pietrofaccia, L, Pilipenko, N, Pocar, A, Raikov, G, Ranalli, M T, Ranucci, G, Razeto, A, A Re, Rossi, N, Schonert, S, Semenov, D, Settanta, G, Skorokhvatov, M, Singhal, A, Smirnov, O, Sotnikov, A, Tartaglia, R, Testera, G, Unzhakov, E, Vishneva, A, Vogelaar, R B, F von Feilitzsch, Wojcik, M, Wurm, M, Zavatarelli, S, Zuber, K, Zuzel, G
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antineutrinos; Beta decay; Black holes; Gravitational waves; Neutrinos; Neutron stars; Neutrons; Stellar spectra; Supernovae
• ISSN: 2331-8422
• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2303.13876

The search for neutrino events in correlation with gravitational wave (GW) events for three observing runs (O1, O2 and O3) from 09/2015 to 03/2020 has been performed using the Borexino data-set of the same period. We have searched for signals of neutrino-electron scattering with visible energies above 250 keV within a time window of 1000 s centered at the detection moment of a particular GW event. The search was done with three visible energy thresholds of 0.25, 0.8 and 3.0 MeV.Two types of incoming neutrino spectra were considered: the mono-energetic line and the spectrum expected from supernovae. The same spectra were considered for electron antineutrinos detected through inverse beta-decay (IBD) reaction. GW candidates originated by merging binaries of black holes (BHBH), neutron stars (NSNS) and neutron star and black hole (NSBH) were analysed separately. Additionally, the subset of most intensive BHBH mergers at closer distances and with larger radiative mass than the rest was considered. In total, follow-ups of 74 out of 93 gravitational waves reported in the GWTC-3 catalog were analyzed and no statistically significant excess over the background was observed. As a result, the strongest upper limits on GW-associated neutrino and antineutrino fluences for all flavors (\nu_e, \nu_\mu, \nu_\tau) have been obtained in the (0.5 - 5.0) MeV neutrino energy range.