Alternate Bearing Tendency in Gamma-Ray Induced Mutants of ‘Amasya’ Apple

The ‘Amasya’, the primary cultivar of Turkey, was irradiated in 2011 with 29.01-Gy gamma rays determined the optimal mutagen dosage using a 60 Co source to increase genetic variability for apple improvement. Phenotyping characterization was begun with the first vegetative generation after mutagenesi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Erwerbsobstbau 2023-04, Vol.65 (2), p.195-200
Main Authors: Atay, Ayşe Nilgün, Atay, Ersin, Özongun, Şerif, Kunter, Burak, Kantoğlu, K. Yaprak
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Apples
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cultivars
Evaluation
Fruits
Gamma rays
Genetic variability
Genotypes
Life Sciences
Mutagenesis
Mutants
Original Article
Originalbeitrag
Phenotyping
Plant Sciences
Radiation
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Summary:The ‘Amasya’, the primary cultivar of Turkey, was irradiated in 2011 with 29.01-Gy gamma rays determined the optimal mutagen dosage using a 60 Co source to increase genetic variability for apple improvement. Phenotyping characterization was begun with the first vegetative generation after mutagenesis (M1V1) in 2012. A number of traits related to phenology, plant architecture and morphology, as well as yield and fruit quality were recorded and analyzed to evaluate genetic variability. Alternate bearing is a prominent characteristic of the ‘Amasya’ apple ( Malus sylvestris subsp. orientalis var. microphylla Browicz ). In this study, the alternate bearing tendency of mutants obtained by gamma-ray radiation was evaluated in apples. An alternate bearing index (ABI) was used for the numerical assessment of alternate bearing tendency. There were significant differences in ABI among mutants. Most of them were included in the high alternance group with indices above 0.75, indicating a strong tendency to alternate production like the original ‘Amasya’. Based on ABI values from 5 years, only one mutant with a 0.24-ABI value in our population was not susceptible to alternate bearing. There were also 18 mutants in the medium alternance group with indices below 0.5. The choice of proper genotypes with a low alternate bearing tendency is crucial to maintaining consistent cropping in apples. In this regard, the mutants with indices below 0.5 are considered to have good potential in our study. A high contribution of gamma-ray radiation to plant vigour was also found, whereas no correlation was found between ABI and trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) in the mutant population.
ISSN:0014-0309
1439-0302
DOI:10.1007/s10341-022-00804-5