Genomic Characterization and Pathogenicity of BJEU06-1-Like PRRSV-1 ZD-1 Isolated in China

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-1 and PRRSV-2 have long been cocirculating in China. To date, all PRRSV-1 strains in China have been classified as subtype 1. We investigated the prevalence of PRRSV-1 in several areas of China from 2016 to 2022 and found that BJEU06-1-like...

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Published in:Transboundary and emerging diseases 2023-03, Vol.2023, p.1-12
Main Authors: Xu, Hu, Gong, Bangjun, Sun, Qi, Li, Chao, Zhao, Jing, Xiang, Lirun, Li, Wansheng, Guo, Zhenyang, Tang, Yan-dong, Leng, Chaoliang, Li, Zhen, Wang, Qian, Zhou, Guohui, An, Tongqing, Cai, Xuehui, Tian, Zhi-Jun, Peng, Jinmei, Zhang, Hongliang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abortion
Alveoli
Animal diseases
Antibodies
Body weight
Cloning
Diaphragm
Diaphragm (anatomy)
Epidemics
Farms
Genes
Genomes
Hogs
Hyperplasia
Laboratories
Lungs
Lymph nodes
Lymphatic system
Macrophages
Maximum likelihood method
Mortality
NSP2 protein
Pathogenicity
Pathogens
Phylogenetics
Recombination
Strains (organisms)
Subgroups
Viral diseases
Viremia
Viruses
Weight reduction
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Summary:Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-1 and PRRSV-2 have long been cocirculating in China. To date, all PRRSV-1 strains in China have been classified as subtype 1. We investigated the prevalence of PRRSV-1 in several areas of China from 2016 to 2022 and found that BJEU06-1-like strains comprised the main epidemic branch of PRRSV-1. Pathogenicity data for this subgroup are currently lacking. In this study, the Chinese BJEU06-1-like PRRSV-1 strain ZD-1 was isolated from primary alveolar macrophages (PAMs). ZD-1 has undergone no recombination and has a 5-aa discontinuous deletion in the Nsp2 protein, similar to other BJEU06-1-like strains; additionally, ZD-1 has a 26 aa C-terminal truncation in the GP3 gene. Pathogenicity studies revealed that ZD-1 causes obvious clinical symptoms: prolonged fever; reduced body weight; alveolar epithelial proliferation and moderate alveolar diaphragm widening in the lungs; diffuse lymphocytic hyperplasia in the lymph nodes; high levels of viremia in the serum; and elevated viral loads in the lungs, lymph nodes, and tonsils. These results suggested that the BJEU06-1-like PRRSV-1 strain ZD-1 is moderately pathogenic to piglets. This is the first study to evaluate the pathogenicity of the BJEU06-1-like branch in China, enriching the understanding of PRRSV-1 in China.
ISSN:1865-1674
1865-1682
DOI:10.1155/2023/6793604