An alternative approach to frequency of patent technology codes: The case of renewable energy generation

This article proposes a methodology to identify technological transitions (TTs) by systematically using the total variation distance (TVD) metric. We use a database of renewable energy generation (REG) patents to exemplify the usefulness of TVD to uncover moments where a "big change" in RE...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Economics. The open-access, open-assessment e-journal open-assessment e-journal, 2023-05, Vol.17 (1), p.1-14
Main Authors: Terrazas-Santamaria, Diana, Mendoza-Palacios, Saúl, Berasaluce Iza, Julen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative approaches
Causality
Change agents
Frequency distribution
patent classification
Renewable energy
renewable energy generation
Renewable resources
Technological change
technological transitions
Technology
total variation distance
Usefulness
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Summary:This article proposes a methodology to identify technological transitions (TTs) by systematically using the total variation distance (TVD) metric. We use a database of renewable energy generation (REG) patents to exemplify the usefulness of TVD to uncover moments where a "big change" in REG technology happened. To do this, we compare the observed frequency distribution of technology codes of REG patents filed between 1973 and 2015 in the US, spread across seven categories (e.g., wind and tidal). We identify two crucial TTs, one at the beginning of the 1980s and another in the late 1990s and early 2000s. In this manner, we reconcile qualitative evidence that registers major REG changes with a quantitative measure that reflects them. Policy evaluations or causality analyses often rely on identifying TTs accurately; therefore, this approach is not constrained to the REG technology or TTs but helps reveal such transition moments in a database whose characteristics are suitable for the use of TVD.
ISSN:1864-6042
1864-6042
DOI:10.1515/econ-2022-0039