Enhancing the performance of tin-based perovskite solar cells through solvent purification of tin iodide

Tin (Sn)-based perovskites are very promising for the fabrication of low-toxicity lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but they suffer from easy oxidation of Sn 2+ to Sn 4+ which leads to poor performance. Herein, we report a facile solution method for the purification of SnI 2 in Sn-based PSCs...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability Materials for energy and sustainability, 2023-05, Vol.11 (21), p.11245-11253
Main Authors: Zeng, Guojun, Pu, Dexin, Huang, Lishuai, Guan, Hongling, Zhou, Shun, Zhou, Jin, Shen, Weicheng, Li, Guang, Fang, Guojia, Ke, Weijun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Carrier lifetime
Energy conversion efficiency
Fabrication
Impurities
Iodides
Lead free
Oxidation
Performance enhancement
Perovskites
Photovoltaic cells
Purification
Solar cells
Tin
Toluene
Toxicity
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Summary:Tin (Sn)-based perovskites are very promising for the fabrication of low-toxicity lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but they suffer from easy oxidation of Sn 2+ to Sn 4+ which leads to poor performance. Herein, we report a facile solution method for the purification of SnI 2 in Sn-based PSCs by toluene washing. We found that toluene can dissolve undesired SnI 4 and retain the SnI 2 source, which enabled us to fabricate efficient Sn-based PSCs with much-reduced harmful Sn 4+ impurities. The as-prepared formamidinium tin iodide perovskite films have markedly improved film morphology, enhanced crystalline quality, increased carrier lifetime, etc. Ultimately, the best-performing solar cell obtained using toluene-purified SnI 2 precursors delivers a promising power conversion efficiency of 10.70% and the efficiency even increases to 11.06% after nearly one month of storage in an N 2 atmosphere. This work paves a facile way for overcoming the complicated purification of SnI 2 for efficient Sn-based PSCs. Tin (Sn)-based perovskites are very promising for the fabrication of low-toxicity lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but they suffer from easy oxidation of Sn 2+ to Sn 4+ which leads to poor performance.
ISSN:2050-7488
2050-7496
DOI:10.1039/d3ta01197f