Mineral density and chemical composition of the rats’ mandibles in experimental models of generalized periodontitis

• Published in: Medychni perspektyvy 2022-01, Vol.27 (2), p.16
• Main Author: Matvieienko, L M
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Subjects: Bones; Diabetes; Gum disease
• ISSN: 2307-0404
• DOI: 10.26641/2307-0404.2022.2.260058

The most severe and difficult to treat symptoms of generalized periodontitis associated with diabetes mellitus are changes in bone tissue. The aim of the research was to conduct a comparative study of the mineral density and chemical composition of the mandibular bone tissue in rats in the modeling of generalized periodontitis, which develops against the background of metabolic disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and after additional use of strontium ranelate. The study was carried out on 24 white male Wistar rats weighing 230-250 g, divided into three groups, 8 animals in each (in I group streptozocin and nicotinamide were administered, in II group - additionally penicylamine, in III group – additionally strontium ranelate) and 6 intact rats were used as a control. According to data of computer tomography, it was found that in the control group the average values of the mineral density are 1450.0±125.0 HU, in I group – 1320.0±120.0 HU (p>0.05), in II group –1100.0±110.0 HU (p˂0.05), in III group –1400.0±137.0 HU (p>0.05). Thus, the most pronounced decrease in mineral density is observed in the case of the combined use of nicotinamide, streptozotocin and penicylamine, while strontium ranelate helps to normalize this indicator. According to atomic emission spectrometry, the mineralization index – the ratio of calcium / phosphorus – was 1.14 in the control group, 1.05 – in I, 1.0 – in II and 1.26 – in III. The strontium content in the samples of the III group exceeded the control values by almost two times (p˂0.001) in comparison with its significant decrease in the samples of the I and II groups (p˂0.05). An increase in the strontium content led to a decrease in the content of other elements, which is explained by the competitive substitution in apatite crystals. So, strontium ranelate activates remineralization of the bone component of the periodontium.