Long-term appropriate N management can continuously enhance gross N mineralization rates and crop yields in a maize-wheat rotation system

A 15  N tracing study was conducted with soils from a long-term nitrogen (N) fertilization experiment to quantify the concurrent gross N transformation rates in soil and the underlying mechanisms for crop yield and N 2 O emission variability. The treatments were chemical fertilization (NPK, NP, PK,...

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Published in:Biology and fertility of soils 2023-07, Vol.59 (5), p.501-511
Main Authors: He, Mengqiu, Xin, Xiuli, Meng, Lei, Yan, Xiaoyuan, Zhao, Chang, Cai, Zucong, Zhu, Anning, Zhang, Jinbo, Müller, Christoph
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural practices
Agricultural production
Agriculture
Biological fertilization
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Carbon sequestration
Climate-smart agriculture
Corn
Crop rotation
Crop yield
Emission
Emissions
Fertilization
Fertilizers
Immobilization
Life Sciences
Mineralization
Nitrification
Nitrogen
Nitrous oxide
Organic fertilizers
Original Paper
Soil Science & Conservation
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Summary:A 15  N tracing study was conducted with soils from a long-term nitrogen (N) fertilization experiment to quantify the concurrent gross N transformation rates in soil and the underlying mechanisms for crop yield and N 2 O emission variability. The treatments were chemical fertilization (NPK, NP, PK, NK), organic fertilization (OF), half chemical/organic fertilization (HOF), and no fertilization (control, CK). The results showed that 30 years of repeated organic or chemical N applications significantly stimulated gross rates of N mineralization and autotrophic nitrification compared with CK. In addition, gross rates of N mineralization (except NP) and autotrophic nitrification (except CK, PK) in all treatments were significantly higher in 2019 (30 years) than in 2007 (18 years). However, the immobilization of mineral N decreased significantly (near to zero) after 30 years of repeated N applications compared to CK or the results of 18 years. The highest maize yields were observed in NPK, but they were not significantly different from HOF yields. The OM yields significantly increased with the duration of the experiment and reached values comparable to NPK yields after more than 12 years of repeated N applications. There was a logarithmic positive relationship between maize yields and gross N mineralization rates ( p  
ISSN:0178-2762
1432-0789
DOI:10.1007/s00374-021-01595-9