The projected changes in extreme wave height indices over the Indian Ocean using COWCLIP2.0 datasets

Extreme ocean surface waves can significantly impact the coastal and offshore-related activities, and often cause large-scale destruction to the livelihoods of the coastal population. To potentially reduce the adverse societal impacts and planning operations, it is necessary to assess the futuristic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Climate dynamics 2023-07, Vol.61 (1-2), p.255-269
Main Authors: Sardana, Divya, Kumar, Prashant, Bhaskaran, Prasad K., Nair, T. M. Balakrishnan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Antarctic Oscillation
Change detection
Climate change
Climate models
Climatic changes
Climatic extremes
Climatic indexes
Climatology
Datasets
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Emergency management
Emission analysis
Environmental aspects
Extreme waves
Geophysics/Geodesy
Influence
Livelihoods
Ocean surface
Ocean wave heights
Ocean waves
Oceanography
Oceans
Offshore
Pressure gradients
Sea level changes
Sea level pressure
Storms
Surface waves
Teleconnections (Climatology)
Wave climate
Wave height
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Summary:Extreme ocean surface waves can significantly impact the coastal and offshore-related activities, and often cause large-scale destruction to the livelihoods of the coastal population. To potentially reduce the adverse societal impacts and planning operations, it is necessary to assess the futuristic changes in extreme wave climate. This study examined the extreme wave height indices described by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) for the Indian Ocean (IO) obtained from Coordinated Ocean Wave Climate Projections, Phase 2 (COWCLIP2.0) historical simulations and projected datasets. A multi-model ensemble (MME) approach is employed to study the projected changes under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios. Substantial increases in rough wave days are projected over the northern sector of the Arabian Sea (AS) and eastern tropical IO (TIO). The projected changes in high wave days and wave-spell-storm duration under both the scenarios are observed in southern IO. On the contrary, widespread projected decreases in rough wave days are evident over the central TIO, and in wave-spell-storm duration for the southern sector of AS. A strong teleconnection between the projected changes in wave extremes in IO is consistent with the projected changes in sea level pressure gradient (SLPG). Further, in southern IO, the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) has strong association with extreme wave indices.
ISSN:0930-7575
1432-0894
DOI:10.1007/s00382-022-06579-5