Roberge–Weiss Transition in the Lee–Yang Approach

• Published in: Physics of particles and nuclei letters 2023-06, Vol.20 (3), p.438-442
• Main Authors: Rogalev, R. N., Bornyakov, V. G., Gerasimeniuk, N. V., Goy, V. A., Korneev, A. A., Molochkov, A. V., Nakamura, A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Asymptotic methods; Atomic collisions; Baryons; Density; Flavor (particle physics); Fugacity; High temperature; Lattice vibration; Numerical integration; Particle and Nuclear Physics; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Physics of Elementary Particles and Atomic Nuclei. Theory; Quantum chromodynamics; Regularization; Thermodynamic equilibrium; Thermodynamics
• ISSN: 1547-4771; 1531-8567
• DOI: 10.1134/S1547477123030573

Thermodynamic quantities characterizing dense and hot strongly interacting matter have been studied in the lattice regularization of QCD with two flavors in the Lee–Yang approach. It is shown that, at high temperatures and taking into account a sufficiently large number of fermionic modes, Lee–Yang zeros in the complex plane of baryon fugacity lie on the negative real semiaxis, which corresponds to the Roberge–Weiss transition. On the line of Lee–Yang zeros, the baryon density and pressure have a gap; it is shown that the baryon density jump is proportional to the density of Lee–Yang zeros. Two methods for calculating baryon number distributions are considered; it is shown that the method based on the asymptotic estimate gives only positive state probabilities with a certain baryon number, as opposed to numerical integration. The importance of experimental measurements of these probabilities to study the issue of achieving thermodynamic equilibrium in nuclear-nuclear collisions is discussed.