Structural dynamic of the annual ryegrass from defoliation to seeds harvest 1

• Published in: Revista Ceres 2023-05, Vol.70 (3), p.147-156
• Main Authors: Bonow, Joice Fernanda Lübke, da Cunha, Ricardo Pereira, Mittelmann, Andrea, Flório, Diego de Marco, Bohn, Alberto, Pedroso, Carlos Eduardo da Silva
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acidity; Agricultural production; Air circulation; Air temperature; Crop development; Crop yield; Defoliation; Elongated structure; Fertilization; Flowers & plants; Forage crops; Harvest; Humidity; Leaves; Moisture content; Nitrogen; Pasture; Plants (botany); Radiation; Seeds; Senescence; Soil analysis; Soil temperature; Temperature; Urea; Water content
• ISSN: 0034-737X; 2177-3491
• DOI: 10.1590/0034-737X202370030015

Weekly assessments of number and length of living leaves, elongation of the internodes, tillering, plants' height, structural components (leaf, stem, flower, and dead material), seeds yields components, and seeds yield, to determine the pasture structure along its production cycle. According to the Manuring and Liming Manual for the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (Tedesco et al., 2004), soil analysis was performed to perform the acidity correction and the basic manuring for cold-season grasses. Urea was used as topdressing nitrogen fertilization (45% Nitrogen), divided into two rounds: the first (50 kg.ha-1 nitrogen) was performed on the 6th June, at the tillering beginning; the latter was performed on the 23th September due to the soil temperature and humidity, favorable for the forage crop development and growth. The first 12 hours' drying was performed on the shadow on a concrete floor, being after that dried in a forced-air circulation stove (30 °C temperature) until the seeds reached 10% and 13% water content, according to Maia (1995).