Nanomaterials Responsive to Endogenous Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease Theranostics

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death worldwide, which propels the development of advanced technologies for CVD diagnosis and treatment. Biomarker‐responsive nanomaterials are appealing therapeutic platforms that provide new horizons for CVD theranostics. In this review, rece...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced functional materials 2023-06, Vol.33 (26), p.n/a
Main Authors: Wei, Chuang, Jiang, Zeyu, Li, Congcong, Li, Peifeng, Fu, Qinrui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Biomedical materials
cardiovascular diseases
Diagnosis
endogenous biomarkers
Health services
Heart diseases
Lipids
Materials science
Nanomaterials
Receptors
Stimuli
therapy
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Summary:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death worldwide, which propels the development of advanced technologies for CVD diagnosis and treatment. Biomarker‐responsive nanomaterials are appealing therapeutic platforms that provide new horizons for CVD theranostics. In this review, recent advances in nanomaterials with endogenous biomarkers as stimuli or targets for CVD theranostics is presented. First, the categories of biomarkers involved are comprehensively itemized based on pathological mechanisms including pH, reactive oxygen species, lipids, enzymes, macrophage receptors, subendothelium components, platelet receptors, inflammation, and osteopontin. The role of these biomarkers in bridge‐building between nanomaterials and CVD is then presented. Next, the biomedical applications of nanomaterials responsive to endogenous biomarkers as stimuli or targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CVD are elaborated. Finally, the challenges and future research directions of biomarker‐responsive nanomaterials in CVD are also discussed. This review will provide scientific guidance to facilitate clinical applications of biomarker‐responsive nanomaterials. Nanomaterials responsive to endogenous biomarkers for cardiovascular disease theranostics have attracted extensive attention because of their capability of excellent on‐demand delivery, improved lesion area accumulation and enhanced cellular internalization. In this review, various endogenous biomarkers are summarized and the recent advances in nanomaterials with endogenous biomarkers as stimuli or targets for the diagnosis and therapy of cardiovascular disease, are reviewed.
ISSN:1616-301X
1616-3028
DOI:10.1002/adfm.202214655