Thermodynamic Analysis of Irreversible Processes of the Reverse Osmosis and Diffusion Machines

A thermodynamic analysis of irreversible systems of reverse osmosis has been carried out. The relationship between the efficiency indicators of the process and the kinetics of mass transfer is analyzed, and an estimate of the limiting capabilities of such a system is found. The conditions of the min...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of engineering physics and thermophysics 2023-05, Vol.96 (3), p.555-567
Main Author: Tsirlin, A. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Classical Mechanics
Complex Systems
Diffusion
Engineering
Engineering Thermodynamics
General Problems of Transport Theory
Heat and Mass Transfer
Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Irreversible processes
Machinery
Magneto-electric machines
Mass transfer
Reverse osmosis
Saline water
Saline water conversion
Thermodynamics
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Summary:A thermodynamic analysis of irreversible systems of reverse osmosis has been carried out. The relationship between the efficiency indicators of the process and the kinetics of mass transfer is analyzed, and an estimate of the limiting capabilities of such a system is found. The conditions of the minimum irreversibility of the process at a given performance are obtained. The thermodynamic possibilities of diffusion machines, in particular, machines that generate energy by mixing fresh and salt water, are considered.
ISSN:1062-0125
1573-871X
DOI:10.1007/s10891-023-02717-w