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Effects of Zeolite on Physiological Characteristics and Grain Quality in Rice under Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation
Background: Zeolite (Z) is gradually used in rice production due to its holding ability for water and nutrients, but limited information is available on how its physiological function affects rice grain yield and quality under water stress. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Z ap...
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Published in: | Water (Basel) 2023-07, Vol.15 (13), p.2406 |
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description | Background: Zeolite (Z) is gradually used in rice production due to its holding ability for water and nutrients, but limited information is available on how its physiological function affects rice grain yield and quality under water stress. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Z application on rice physiological characteristics, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, grain yield and quality under continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD). Results: The results showed that, compared with CF, AWD reduced leaf SPAD, root bleeding intensity, aboveground dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, resulted in lower grain yield without Z application, but improved root–shoot ratio and root N accumulation. Z application increased dry matter and N accumulation, and subsequent grain yield by improving leaf SPAD and root bleeding intensity. Both AWD and Z application improved water use efficiency. AWD reduced head rice rate, chalky rice rate and chalkiness, but improved the taste value by increasing the breakdown and reducing the setback. Z application improved protein content, reduced breakdown and setback, but increased chalky rice rate and chalkiness. Conclusions: These results indicated that AWD and Z application could achieve several benefits including improved grain yield, grain quality and water use efficiency. |
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Methods: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Z application on rice physiological characteristics, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, grain yield and quality under continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD). Results: The results showed that, compared with CF, AWD reduced leaf SPAD, root bleeding intensity, aboveground dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, resulted in lower grain yield without Z application, but improved root–shoot ratio and root N accumulation. Z application increased dry matter and N accumulation, and subsequent grain yield by improving leaf SPAD and root bleeding intensity. Both AWD and Z application improved water use efficiency. AWD reduced head rice rate, chalky rice rate and chalkiness, but improved the taste value by increasing the breakdown and reducing the setback. Z application improved protein content, reduced breakdown and setback, but increased chalky rice rate and chalkiness. Conclusions: These results indicated that AWD and Z application could achieve several benefits including improved grain yield, grain quality and water use efficiency.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4441</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4441</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/w15132406</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Accumulation ; Agricultural production ; Analysis ; Aquatic resources ; Bleeding ; Breakdown ; China ; Crop production ; Crop yield ; Crop yields ; Drought ; Dry matter ; Drying ; Experiments ; Fertilizers ; Floods ; Irrigation ; Japan ; Leaves ; Nitrogen ; Nutrient content ; Nutrients ; Physicists ; Physiological aspects ; Physiological effects ; Physiology ; Rice ; Soil sciences ; Water quality ; Water stress ; Water use ; Water use efficiency ; Wetting ; Zeolites</subject><ispartof>Water (Basel), 2023-07, Vol.15 (13), p.2406</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-9c32461d0d89023eafe5d661171e108cdbb09396d6702ee12730119984ff1a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-9c32461d0d89023eafe5d661171e108cdbb09396d6702ee12730119984ff1a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2515-1334</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2836465540/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2836465540?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,25753,27924,27925,37012,44590,75126</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sun, Yidi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xie, Jigan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hou, Huijing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Min</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yitong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xuetao</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Zeolite on Physiological Characteristics and Grain Quality in Rice under Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation</title><title>Water (Basel)</title><description>Background: Zeolite (Z) is gradually used in rice production due to its holding ability for water and nutrients, but limited information is available on how its physiological function affects rice grain yield and quality under water stress. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Z application on rice physiological characteristics, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, grain yield and quality under continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD). Results: The results showed that, compared with CF, AWD reduced leaf SPAD, root bleeding intensity, aboveground dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, resulted in lower grain yield without Z application, but improved root–shoot ratio and root N accumulation. Z application increased dry matter and N accumulation, and subsequent grain yield by improving leaf SPAD and root bleeding intensity. Both AWD and Z application improved water use efficiency. AWD reduced head rice rate, chalky rice rate and chalkiness, but improved the taste value by increasing the breakdown and reducing the setback. Z application improved protein content, reduced breakdown and setback, but increased chalky rice rate and chalkiness. Conclusions: These results indicated that AWD and Z application could achieve several benefits including improved grain yield, grain quality and water use efficiency.</description><subject>Accumulation</subject><subject>Agricultural production</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Aquatic resources</subject><subject>Bleeding</subject><subject>Breakdown</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Crop production</subject><subject>Crop yield</subject><subject>Crop yields</subject><subject>Drought</subject><subject>Dry matter</subject><subject>Drying</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Floods</subject><subject>Irrigation</subject><subject>Japan</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Nutrient content</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Physicists</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Physiological effects</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Rice</subject><subject>Soil sciences</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Water stress</subject><subject>Water use</subject><subject>Water use efficiency</subject><subject>Wetting</subject><subject>Zeolites</subject><issn>2073-4441</issn><issn>2073-4441</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUU1LAzEQXUTBUnvwHwQ8eWhNNtmvY6m1Fgp-guBlSZPJNmWb1CSLLP55UyvizGEew3uPeUySXBI8obTCN58kIzRlOD9JBiku6JgxRk7_4fNk5P0Wx2JVWWZ4kHzNlQIRPLIKvYNtdQBkDXrc9F7b1jZa8BbNNtxxEcBpH7TwiBuJFo5rg546HiU9ivBZC0CdkeDQtI1cw6PVG4SgTfOjuHX9AS6d0w0P2pqL5Ezx1sPodw6Tl7v56-x-vHpYLGfT1VhQSsK4EjFTTiSWZYVTClxBJvOckIIAwaWQ6zWuaJXLvMApAEkLigmpqpIpRTgdJldH172zHx34UG9tF69rfZ2WNGd5ljEcWZMjq-Et1NooG2Lk2BJ2WlgDSsf9tMjKgrI0JVFwfRQIZ713oOq90zvu-prg-vCN-u8b9BuwbHuq</recordid><startdate>20230701</startdate><enddate>20230701</enddate><creator>Sun, Yidi</creator><creator>Xie, Jigan</creator><creator>Hou, Huijing</creator><creator>Li, Min</creator><creator>Wang, Yitong</creator><creator>Wang, Xuetao</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2515-1334</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230701</creationdate><title>Effects of Zeolite on Physiological Characteristics and Grain Quality in Rice under Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation</title><author>Sun, Yidi ; Xie, Jigan ; Hou, Huijing ; Li, Min ; Wang, Yitong ; Wang, Xuetao</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-9c32461d0d89023eafe5d661171e108cdbb09396d6702ee12730119984ff1a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Accumulation</topic><topic>Agricultural production</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Aquatic resources</topic><topic>Bleeding</topic><topic>Breakdown</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>Crop production</topic><topic>Crop yield</topic><topic>Crop yields</topic><topic>Drought</topic><topic>Dry matter</topic><topic>Drying</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>Floods</topic><topic>Irrigation</topic><topic>Japan</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Nutrient content</topic><topic>Nutrients</topic><topic>Physicists</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Physiological effects</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Rice</topic><topic>Soil sciences</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Water stress</topic><topic>Water use</topic><topic>Water use efficiency</topic><topic>Wetting</topic><topic>Zeolites</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sun, Yidi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xie, Jigan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hou, Huijing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Min</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yitong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xuetao</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><jtitle>Water (Basel)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sun, Yidi</au><au>Xie, Jigan</au><au>Hou, Huijing</au><au>Li, Min</au><au>Wang, Yitong</au><au>Wang, Xuetao</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of Zeolite on Physiological Characteristics and Grain Quality in Rice under Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation</atitle><jtitle>Water (Basel)</jtitle><date>2023-07-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>13</issue><spage>2406</spage><pages>2406-</pages><issn>2073-4441</issn><eissn>2073-4441</eissn><abstract>Background: Zeolite (Z) is gradually used in rice production due to its holding ability for water and nutrients, but limited information is available on how its physiological function affects rice grain yield and quality under water stress. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Z application on rice physiological characteristics, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, grain yield and quality under continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD). Results: The results showed that, compared with CF, AWD reduced leaf SPAD, root bleeding intensity, aboveground dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, resulted in lower grain yield without Z application, but improved root–shoot ratio and root N accumulation. Z application increased dry matter and N accumulation, and subsequent grain yield by improving leaf SPAD and root bleeding intensity. Both AWD and Z application improved water use efficiency. AWD reduced head rice rate, chalky rice rate and chalkiness, but improved the taste value by increasing the breakdown and reducing the setback. Z application improved protein content, reduced breakdown and setback, but increased chalky rice rate and chalkiness. 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subjects | Accumulation Agricultural production Analysis Aquatic resources Bleeding Breakdown China Crop production Crop yield Crop yields Drought Dry matter Drying Experiments Fertilizers Floods Irrigation Japan Leaves Nitrogen Nutrient content Nutrients Physicists Physiological aspects Physiological effects Physiology Rice Soil sciences Water quality Water stress Water use Water use efficiency Wetting Zeolites |
title | Effects of Zeolite on Physiological Characteristics and Grain Quality in Rice under Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation |
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